摘要
现代社会福利制度主要由社会救助、社会保险、社会福利服务、住房与家庭、义务教育、医疗健康照顾服务共六个亚体系组成。社会福利服务是现代社会福利制度最重要、最基础和最关键的部分。国家福利性质、公民法定权利、以长期照顾依赖和弱势群体为主,去商品化服务、国家福利财政,以专业社会工作者为主要服务人员等制度特征明显。因政治本质属性,儿童与家庭福利服务处于国家福利服务体系基础和最高层次。福利服务国家性主要体现为社会福利财政制度,“去商品化”服务状况最能反映国家福利责任承担状况。在法治国家、法治政府和法治社会建设一体化背景下,社会福利立法、以公民权利保护为基础福利服务和社会福利法治社会建设,是法治中国建设战略重点和优先领域。最重要的是,现代、“中性”社会福利制度建设,既是中国特色社会主义制度建设最基本制度和本质要求,又是现代、开放、多元、民主、高风险社会最佳的社会安全阀和社会稳定器;现代社会福利制度是社会主义制度优越性最佳的制度体现。
The modern social welfare system is mainly composed of six sub-systems:social assistance,social insurance,social welfare service,housing and family,compulsory education,and health care services.Social welfare service is the most important,basic and key part of modern social welfare system.The characteristics of the state welfare system are obvious,such as the nature of state welfare,the legal rights of citizens,taking long-term care of the dependent and vulnerable groups as the priority,the de-commercialization of services,the state welfare finance,and taking professional social workers as the main service personnel.Due to the nature of politics,child and family welfare services are the foundation and the highest level of the national welfare service system.The“national”characteristic of welfare service is mainly embodied in the social welfare financial system,and the“de-commercialization”service can best reflect how state responsibility is taken.Against the background of a law-based country and government,the integration progress of social construction and ruling by law,social welfare legislation,welfare services based on the protection of citizens'rights and the social construction under the rule of law are the strategic focuses and priority areas of the construction of the rule of law in China.Most importantly,the development of a modern and“neutral”social welfare system is not only the most basic and essential requirement for building socialism system with Chinese characteristics,but also the best social safety valve and social stabilizer for a modern,open,pluralistic,democratic and high-risk society.The modern social welfare system is the best embodiment of the superiority of the socialism system.
出处
《暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第8期12-23,共12页
Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
财政部与国家卫健委联合委托课题“我国卫生财政投入政策演进历程及其评价研究”
国家哲学社会科学基金项目“中国特色现代儿童福利与家庭福利制度研究”(19BSH159)
民政部委托课题“中国现代家庭养老服务政策支持研究”。
关键词
福利服务
社会工作
社会福利制度
儿童与家庭福利
社会福利财政
社会福利法治
welfare service
social work
social welfare system
Child and family welfare
Social welfare finance
Social welfare lawmaking
