摘要
移民政策是国家进行移民管理的重要工具,是塑造移民模式与移民特征的主要力量。政策的目标效果和政府在政策制定中的角色反应形成了两类移民政策,主动调整型与被动适应型。中国作为全球移民秩序的重要枢纽,建立与完善移民政策是创新型经济发展与“一带一路”建设的必然要求。随着全球人才竞争的加剧,人才吸引成为各国移民政策的主要目标,在发达国家围绕技术移民逐渐形成了供应驱动、需求驱动和混合选择三种不同的政策模式。从政府在政策制定与实施中的角色来看,主动调整型与被动适应型政策措施的组合,将更有利于人才资源的积累、满足劳动力市场的需求。
Immigration policy is an important tool for the government to manage immigration. The structural forces at the national level shape the pattern and characteristics of migration. There are two types of immigration policies, proactivity and reactivity, based on the effect of policy and the government’s role in policy making. As an important hub of global immigration order, China’s innovative economic development and the construction of " the Belt and Road" inevitably require the establishment and improvement of immigration policies. With the intensification of global talent competition, talent attraction has become the main goal of immigration policies. Developed countries have formed three different policy models for skilled migrants: supply driven, demand driven and hybrid selection. From the government’s role in policy making and implementation, the combination of proactive and reactive policy measures will be more conducive to the accumulation of human resources and meet the needs of the labor market.
作者
梁玉成
殷佳
LIANG Yucheng;YIN Jia
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第8期135-148,共14页
Academic Monthly
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于大型调查数据基础上的中国城镇社区结构异质性及其基层治理研究”(152DB172)的阶段性成果。
关键词
人才吸引
移民政策
主动调整
被动适应
talent attraction
immigration policy
proactivity
reactivity
