摘要
在我国黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor养殖业已初具规模,但生产中黄粉虫成虫的繁殖力和幼虫育成率差异巨大,制约了黄粉虫产业的快速发展。为探究饲喂不同种类果蔬对黄粉虫繁殖力的影响,以期寻求提高黄粉虫繁殖力的饲养方案。选定新疆地区8种常见果蔬(白菜、西红柿、南瓜、胡萝卜、苹果、梨、西瓜和甜瓜)作为黄粉虫成虫的补充营养物,研究不同果蔬对黄粉虫成虫产卵量和寿命、幼虫育成率的影响。结果表明:黄粉虫成虫取食南瓜、胡萝卜和甜瓜显著提高单雌产卵量,分别为883.79粒、888.38粒和833.91粒;取食梨和甜瓜有助于提高幼虫育成率,分别为85.24%和82.54%;成虫取食8种果蔬其寿命差异不显著,寿命均在100 d左右,但90 d后产卵量均下降明显。根据研究结论优先推荐南瓜和甜瓜作为黄粉虫成虫补充营养物,白菜、胡萝卜和梨次之,成虫应在90 d时及时淘汰,并更换新一批次成虫,以节约饲养空间和提高生产力。
Tenebrio molitor farming has taken shape in China,but the fecundity and larval surviving rate of the adult varies greatly in production,which restricts the rapid development of the yellow mealworm industry.This project aims to investigate the effects of feeding different kinds of fruits and vegetables on the fecundity of Tenebrio molitor,and seek feeding solutions to improve the fertility of Tenebrio molitor. So in this project,eight common fruits and vegetables(cabbage,tomato,pumpkin,carrot,apple,pear,watermelon and melon) were selected as supplementary nutrients for adult Tenebrio molitor in Xinjiang to study the effects of different fruits and vegetables on the fecundity,longevity and larval surviving rate of adult Tenebrio molitor.The results showed that feeding on pumpkin,carrot and melon significantly increased the fecundity of single females with 883.79,888.38 and833.91 grain,respectively;feeding on pear and melon helped to increase the larval surviving rate with 85.24%and 82.54%,respectively;the longevity of adults feeding on the eight fruits and vegetables was not significantly different,and the longevity was around 100 d,but the fecundity decreased significantly after 90 d. However,after90 d,fecundity decreased significantly. In this paper,we recommend pumpkin and melon as supplemental nutrients for adult Tenebrio molitor,followed by cabbage,carrot and pear,and adults should be eliminated at 90 d and replaced with a new batch of adults to save feeding space and improve productivity.
作者
张连俊
张广杰
谭冰
张帅
孟卓
马德英
刘玉升
ZHANG Lian-jun;ZHANG Guang-jie;TAN Bing;ZHANG Shuai;MENG Zhuo;MA De-ying;LIU Yu-sheng(Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Safety Prevention and Control of Agriculture and Forest Pests/College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai*an Shandong 271018,China)
出处
《新疆农业大学学报》
CAS
2020年第5期330-335,共6页
Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University
基金
创新团队项目“昆虫生物转化厨余垃圾及农牧业有机废弃物”(2021D1403)。
关键词
黄粉虫
补充营养物
繁殖力
育成率
Tenebrio molitor
nutrient supplementation
fertility
surviving rate
