摘要
精神病态作为暴力犯罪、累犯和青少年犯罪的重要预测变量,在临床心理学和司法领域受到了广泛重视。三元精神病态模型通过大胆、卑劣和去抑制三个维度对精神病态进行了操作化定义,反映了精神病态在神经生物学维度上存在的认知情感加工缺陷。其中,低威胁敏感性是精神病态大胆的主要病因学基础;而执行功能受损,尤其是注意调节缺陷则导致了精神病态的去抑制倾向;而与情绪识别存在联系的共情缺陷可能是卑劣的深层原因。未来研究中仍需关注精神病态的概念化问题,以及不同精神病态特质之间是否存在共同的潜在病因学基础,探索精神病态特质在生命早期阶段的体现从而进行及时有效的干预。
As an important predictor of violent crime,recidivism,and juvenile delinquency,psychopathy has received extensive attention in clinical psychology and justice research.The Triarchic Model of Psychopathy conceptualizing psychopathy as three phenotypic structures of boldness,meanness,and disinhibition,reveals the distinct cognitive and affective processing defects in neurobiology.To be specific,low threat sensitivity lays the main etiological foundation of boldness;the impairment of executive function,in particular the impaired attentional modulation,tends to result in disinhibition;while the empathy deficits associated with emotion recognition may contribute to the development of meanness.Based on these,greater attention should be paid to both the conceptualization of psychopathy and the common underlying etiological basis among different psychopathic variants.Moreover,further exploration of the precursors of adult psychopathic traits will do great help for early treatment and intervention.
作者
程诚
郭培杨
杨丽
王梦雅
CHENG Cheng;GUO Peiyang;YANG Li;WANG Mengya(School of Education;Institute of Applied Psychology,Tianjin University;Laboratory of Suicidology,Tianjin Municipal Education Commission,Tianjin 300350,China)
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期1628-1646,共19页
Advances in Psychological Science
关键词
三元精神病态模型
低威胁敏感性
执行功能受损
共情缺陷
Triachic Model of Psychopathy
low threat sensitivity
impaired executive function
empathy deficits
