摘要
目的评估北京市东城区中老年人认知能力,筛查轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)患者,发现导致MCI的影响因素,为打造基于社区的中老年人认知健康管理模式提供科学依据。方法分析925名来自北京老年脑健康计划(BABRI)数据库的东城区50岁以上中老年人认知能力、慢性疾病和生活方式等数据,应用t检验、χ^(2)检验和分层回归模型等统计方法对健康组和MCI组的认知能力和潜在影响因素进行分析。结果925名研究对象中MCI患病率为19.24%,高年龄组、低受教育年限组的MCI患病率更高(P<0.001;P=0.007),慢性疾病共病数量越多,MCI患病率越高(P=0.028);MCI患者相比健康组在各认知域表现均更差(P<0.001);饮食习惯与闲暇活动对认知能力有显著预测作用。结论慢性疾病是认知损伤的影响因素,慢病控制是预防认知障碍的重要内容;中老年人可以通过保持健康的生活方式、增强脑力活动等方式保护认知能力。
Objective To assess cognitive performance of the middle-aged and elderly residents in Dongcheng district,to screen patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),to find out the risk factors leading to MCI,and to provide scientific basis for the community-based cognitive health management model for middle-gaged and elderly people.Methods There were 925 participants aged above 50 years old from the Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative(BABRI).All participants were evaluated by a multi-domain test battery covering cognitive tests,medical history and lifestyle surveys.The participants were divided into healthy group and MCI group.T test,chi-square test and hierarchical regression model were used to analyze the relationship of potential risk factors and cognition.Results The prevalence of MCI in 925 participants was 19.24%,and the prevalence of MCI was higher in the higher age group and the lower years of education group(P<0.001;P=0.007).The more chronic diseases the participants suffered from,the more possible for them to have MCI(P=0.028);MCI patients performed worse in all cognitive domains than the healthy group(P<0.001).Dietary habits and leisure activities significantly affect cognitive performance.Conclusions Chronic diseases are risk factors of cognitive impairment.Providing guidance on chronic disease control,healthy lifestyles and mental activities for the middle-aged and elderly people to protect cognition is in demand.
作者
王芳
李禹蒙
杨意如
李馨
张占军
WANG Fang;LI Yu-meng;YANG Yi-ru;LI Xin;ZHANG Zhan-jun(Management Center for Community Health Service of Dongcheng District,Beijing 100010,China;不详)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2021年第3期121-125,共5页
Capital Journal of Public Health
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81625025)。
关键词
认知
轻度认知障碍
影响因素
Cognition
Mild cognitive impairment
Risk Factors
