摘要
少数民族医学对毒有其独特的认识,本文通过文献挖掘,阐述了藏、蒙、维、傣四个民族医学对毒的认识,为相关研究提供参考。藏族医药认为万物皆可为药,使用得当即为治病良药,使用不当,则为毒药。并把毒症分为肉中毒、饮食中毒、药物中毒和合成毒等。针对有毒药物藏医通过炮制、配伍和制剂来达到减毒目的,使有毒药物合理应用。蒙古族医药将毒分为实物毒(实毒)、配合毒(配制毒)和转化毒(变毒)三大类。蒙古族医药认为作为致病因素的毒,对机体产生作用之后就会直接导致和毒有关的各种病症。维吾尔族医药把"毒"的含义归纳为致病因素、疾病、病症名与药物之毒四个层次的含义。维药中药性属三级或四级的药物药性峻烈,大多数为有毒药物。傣族医药认为疾病是人体内外各种病毒邪气所致,傣族医药的解药是最具特色的药物之一。傣族医药中有几百个解药单方和复方,有解一种毒的小方,也有解多种毒的通用方。
Evrything can be used as medicine in Tibet medicine. It will be a good thing if used properly,a toxin if used not properly. Tibet toxin symptoms include meat toxin,food toxin,medicine toxin and compound toxin. Tibet medicine attenuation include processing of medicinals,compatibility to reduce the poison,preparation and etc. In Mongolian medicine,toxins include matter toxin,compound toxin and conversion toxin. The toxin will leading to disease when it acts at the body and the symptom will come out. In Uygur medicine,the meaning of toxin is the reason leading to disease,the name of disease,the symtoms of disease and the toxin of the medicine. The most of the 3-4 ranks of Uygur medicine are toxin. The Dai people think the virus evil in and out of the body will lead to the diseases. Autidote is the most character of Dai medicine. The Dai people sum up hundreds antidote recipe.
作者
姜峰
JIANG Feng(The Hospital of Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（自然科学版）》
2021年第3期65-68,共4页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Natural Sciences Edition)
关键词
毒
民族医药
认识
toxin
ethnomedicine
knowledge
