摘要
近年来中国制造业对外直接投资快速增长,研究其能否促进本国制造业技术提升对于回答制造业如何走向高质量发展具有重要意义。在机制上,本文从技术互动、技术传递和技术扩散三个步骤研究逆向技术溢出产生机制,并分析技术差距对制造业逆向技术溢出效应的影响;在实证上,本文先计算制造业序列Malmquist指数来衡量全要素生产率,并将其拆分为技术水平(TC)和技术效率(EC),利用中国2006—2017年制造业省级数据,从总体和分区域层面上检验制造业OFDI是否能显著地影响中国制造业全要素生产率,并分析技术差距对逆向技术溢出效应的影响。结果表明,中国制造业OFDI存在显著的逆向技术溢出效应,东部地区制造业OFDI获得的国际研发资本可以显著地提升地区技术水平(TC),中部地区制造业OFDI获得的国际研发资本可以显著地提升地区技术效率(EC)和技术水平(TC),西部地区制造业OFDI获得的国际研发资本可以显著提升技术效率(EC);技术差距对制造业OFDI逆向技术溢出效应具有单一的门槛影响,技术差距越小,制造业OFDI逆向技术溢出越明显。
In recent years,China’s manufacturing has seen a rapid growth in outward foreign direct investment,and it is important to study whether it can promote the technological upgrading of the domestic manufacturing for answering the question of how the manufacturing can move toward high-quality development.In terms of mechanism,this paper studies the mechanism of reverse technology spillover in manufacturing in three steps:technology interaction,technology transmission and technology diffusion and analyzes the impact of technology gap on the effect of reverse technology spillover.Empirically,this paper first calculates the manufacturing serial Malmquist index to measure total factor productivity and splits it into technology level(TC)and technical efficiency(EC)to test whether manufacturing OFDI can significantly affect total factor productivity in China’s manufacturing at the aggregate and sub-regional levels using China’s manufacturing provincial data from 2006-2017 and then analyzes the effect of technology gap on the reverse technology spillover effect.The results show that there is a significant reverse technology spillover effect of manufacturing OFDI in China,and international R&D capital obtained by manufacturing OFDI in the eastern region can significantly improve regional technology level(TC),while international R&D capital obtained by manufacturing OFDI in the central region can significantly improve regional technical efficiency(EC)and technology level(TC);and international R&D capital can significantly improve technical efficiency(EC),and technology gap has a single threshold effect on manufacturing OFDI reverse technology spillover effect,the smaller the technology gap is,the more obvious manufacturing OFDI reverse technology spillover is.
作者
苏汝劼
李玲
Su Rujie;Li Ling
出处
《宏观经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第7期66-78,126,共14页
Macroeconomics
关键词
对外直接投资
制造业
逆向技术溢出
技术差距
Outward foreign direct investment
Manufacturing
Reverse technology spillover
Technology gap
