摘要
命门学说是中医基础理论的重要组成内容,《难经》中关于命门的论述,奠定了命门学说的基础,后世历代医家对其不断进行研究、补充及发展,逐步形成独立的体系,不仅极大地丰富了中医学理论,也为临床实践提供了有效的指导。明末清初医家陈士铎所著的《外经微言》首重命门,有别于《黄帝内经》中“命门为两目”的论点,主张肾中命门为十二官之主,五脏六腑均仰望于命门,认为“有此主(命门)则十二官治”“十二经得命门之火始能生化”,又强调“人生于火,养于水”,倡导临床在重视“温补命门”之余,切不可忽视养阴,命门之火乃水中之火,唯有水中补火,方得生化无穷。通过梳理《外经微言》命门学说的源流及发展历程,在著作所持观点基础上进一步阐述命门之实质、功能,并以消渴病的诊治为例论述该理论的临床应用。
The theory of life gate is an important part of the basic theory of Chinese medicine.The discussion of the life gate in Nanjing laid the foundation of the theory of life gate.With the study,supplement,and development of the theory by successive generations of physicians,an independent system about life gate has been gradually formed,which not only greatly enriches the theory of Chinese medicine but also provides an effective guide to clinical practice.CHEN Shiduo,a physician in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty,discussed life gate in his work Waijing Weiyan.Different from the argument that“the life gate is the eyes”in Huangdi Neijing,he suggested that the life gate in the kidney is the governor of twelve viscera and bowels,and all these internal organs rely on the life gate.He held that“only when there is life gate can viscera and bowels be normal”,and“only with life gate fire can the engendering transformation of meridian and collateral work”.Besides,he emphasized that human growth depends on fire and need to be nourished by water.As for clinical practice,he suggested that we should not only focus on warming and tonifying the life gate,but also pay attention on nourishing yin;because life gate fire is the fire within the water,so,only when yang is tonified by enriching yin can engendering transformation normally and continuously function.By studying the origin and development of the theory of life gate in Waijing Weiyan,this paper further expounds on essence and function of the life gate on the basis of the viewpoints held in the work and discusses the clinical application of this theory by taking the diagnosis and treatment of wasting-thirst as an example.
作者
杨渤
谭宏韬
林明欣
YANG Bo;TAN Hongtao;LIN Mingxin
出处
《新中医》
CAS
2021年第14期35-39,共5页
New Chinese Medicine
基金
2019年汕头市第二批医疗卫生科技计划(自筹经费类)项目(10)
2020年医疗卫生健康事业发展专项资金(传承发展中医药事业)广东省中医药局中医药科研项目(20201361)。
关键词
《外经微言》
命门学说
消渴病
水火既济
肾气丸
Waijing Weiyan
Theory of life gate
Wasting-thirst
Coordination between water and fire
Shenqi pills
