摘要
Metabolite sensing is one of the most fundamental biological processes.During evolution,multilayered mechanisms developed to sense fluctuations in a wide spectrum of metabolites,including nutrients,to coordinate cellular metabolism and biological networks.To date,AMPK and mTOR signaling are among the best-understood metabolite-sensing and signaling pathways.Here,we propose a sensor-transducer-effector model to describe known mechanisms of metabolite sensing and signaling.We define a metabolite sensor by its specificity,dynamicity,and functionality.We group the actions of metabolite sensing into three different modes:metabolite sensor-mediated signaling,metabolite-sensing module,and sensing by conjugating.With these modes of action,we provide a systematic view of how cells sense sugars,lipids,amino acids,and metabolic intermediates.In the future perspective,we suggest a systematic screen of metabolite-sensing macromolecules,high-throughput discovery of biomacromolecule-metabolite interactomes,and functional metabolomics to advance our knowledge of metabolite sensing and signaling.Most importantly,targeting metabolite sensing holds great promise in therapeutic intervention of metabolic diseases and in improving healthy aging.
基金
We apologize to all whose work was not cited due to limited space.This work was supported by MOST(No.2015CB910401 to Q.-Y.L.)
the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81790253 and 81430057 to Q.-Y.L.,Nos.81790250,81772946 and 81502379 to Y.-P.W.)
Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.SOF159004 to Q.-Y.L.)
the“Chenguang Program”of Shanghai Education Development Foundation(No.14CG15 to Y.-P.W.).
