摘要
探讨糜子饲料营养价值,明确适宜种植密度和刈割时期对饲料品质的影响,为饲草糜子资源开发与利用提供参考。采用单因素随机区组试验设计,设5个种植密度,分别测定拔节期、抽穗期、开花期、灌浆期和成熟期植株干物质产量,粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗灰分(Ash)、钙和磷的含量,并通过粗饲料品质评定指数饲料相对值(RFV)和粗饲料品质分级指数(GI)进行品质评定。结果表明,随种植密度增加,糜子干物质产量先增加后降低;同一种植密度下,拔节期CP和EE含量最高,CF含量最小,抽穗之后CF、NDF和ADF含量有所增加;成熟期150万株·hm-2处理下NDF和ADF含量均显著低于其他密度处理;Ash含量在拔节期和开花期随种植密度增加表现为升高-降低-升高的趋势,拔节期钙和磷表现为降低-升高-降低的趋势。综上所述,拔节期糜子营养品质表现最好,是高品质糜子饲草最佳的刈割时期,可进行多次刈割作为优质草粉加工原料或者直接饲喂,该时期120~150万株·hm-2密度处理营养品质和干物质产量表现相对较好;综合考虑产量与品质因素,成熟期150万株·hm-2处理下营养品质表现优于其他密度处理,饲料相对值和粗饲料品质分级指数分级均为2级,且可获得较高的干物质产量,是糜子干草饲料适宜种植密度。
The nutrition vale of proso millet was investigated and the effects of suitable planting densities and harvet time were definited in this paper,so as to provide a reference for the development and utilization of proso millet resources.A field experiment was conducted by using a single factor randomized block design under the treatments of five planting densities,and then the dry matter yield,crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE),crude fiber(CF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),crude ash(Ash),calcium and phosphorus were measured at jointing stage,heading stage,flowering stage,filling stage and mature stage,respectively.Moreover,the quality was evaluated by relative feed value(RFV)and rough feed quality grading index(GI).The results showed that the dry matter of proso millet increased at first and then decreased with the increase of planting density.The content of CP and EE was the highest at jointing stage,whereas the content of CF was the lowest,and the content of CF,NDF and ADF increased after heading stage under the same planting density.Under 1.5 million plants·hm-2 treatments at mature stage,the content of NDF and ADF were significantly lower than those of other treatments.Ash content showed trend of increase-decrease-increase with the increase of planting density at jointing stage and flowering stage,while calcium and phosphorus showed the trend of decrease-increase-decrease at jointing stage.The nutritional quality at jointing stage were better than those at other growth stages,and the grades of relative feed value and rough feed quality grading index were higher,therefore it is the best cutting period for high-quality proso millet hay feed,which can be cutted as the raw material of quality proso millet meal or can be fed directly.Meanwhile,the quality and dry matter yield are better under 1.2 and 1.5 million plants·hm-2 density treatments.The nutritional quality of 1.5 million plants·hm-2 at mature stage is better than those of other density treatments,and the relative feed value and
作者
党科
吕思明
宫香伟
赵冠
靳飞
张裕川
田礼欣
冯佰利
DANG Ke;L Siming;GONG Xiangwei;ZHAO Guan;JIN Fei;ZHANG Yuchuan;TIAN Lixin;FENG Baili(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources & Germplasm Enhancement of Ministry of Agriculture /College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期989-999,共11页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家谷子高粱产业技术体系(CARS-13.5-06-A26)
国家“十二五”科技支撑计划(2014BAD07B03)
陕西省小杂粮产业技术体系项目(NYKJ-2018-YL19)。
关键词
种植密度
糜子
生育时期
干物质产量
营养品质
Planting density
Proso millet
Phenological phase
Dry matter yield
Nutritional quality
