摘要
计算思维是儿童面对未来的必需能力。随着计算思维日益受到教育领域的关注,计算思维的培养也日趋低龄化。低龄儿童的计算思维应关注哪些具体内容以及运用何种方式进行培养,已经成为理论领域和实践领域共同研究的问题。除了机器人编程课程学习、跨学科课程学习、基于游戏教学等多种方式外,利用绘本进行低龄儿童的计算思维培养成为新兴的方式。本文选择了四本儿童绘本为对象进行内容分析,主要对计算思维的观念和态度、核心能力等进行编码。研究发现:在计算思维的观念和态度中,“解决开放性问题”和“小组合作与交流能力”是绘本中最为重视的观念和态度;在计算思维的核心能力中,数据相关技能、算法和程序、自动化等是绘本中最为重视的核心能力。因此,重视情境的引入和任务设置,涉及编程语言的初步学习,关注计算思维教育中的性别差异,凸显问题解决能力和迁移能力,都是基于绘本进行计算思维教育的重要问题。
Calculative thinking is considered as a necessary ability for children to face the future.With the increasing attention of calculative thinking in the field of education,the cultivation of calculative thinking is getting to focus on small children.What is the specific content of this thinking and how to cultivate it becomes an important research problem faced by the theoretical and practical fields.In addition to robot programming courses,interdisciplinary learning,game-based teaching and other ways,the use of picture books to cultivate the calculative thinking of young children has become an emerging way.In this paper,four picture books for children are selected as the objects for content analysis,to encode the concepts and attitudes of calculative thinking,as well as core abilities.It is found that among the concepts and attitudes of calculative thinking,“solving open problems”and“teamwork and communication skills”are the most valued concepts and attitudes in picture books.Among the core competencies of calculative thinking,data-related skills,algorithms and programs,automation,etc.,are the most valued core competencies in picture books.Therefore,the importance of context introduction and task setting,the preliminary learning of programming languages,the attention to gender differences in calculative thinking education,the highlighting of problem-solving ability and transfer ability are all important issues in calculative thinking education based on picture books.
作者
何珊云
戴方时
HE Shanyun;DAI Fangshi(College of Education,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,310058)
出处
《教育文化论坛》
2021年第4期71-81,共11页
Tribune of Education Culture
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“融入认知策略的编程学习对低龄儿童认知控制和情景记忆的影响及脑机制”(62077042)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金。
关键词
计算思维
绘本
儿童
calculative thinking
picture books
children
