摘要
为合理开发和利用草果资源,2019年对云南、广西7个产地进行资源调查,基于物种分布信息,结合最大信息熵模型和地理信息系统分析其适宜产区,同时对57份种质资源的15个果实及果穗性状进行评价。最大信息熵模型预测结果显示,草果的地理分布范围为99.1~112.8°E、20.5~30.4°N,高度适生区面积为48.14×104 km2;主要分布在云南、贵州、四川及广西西部;各气候因子中,6月份降水量、温度季节性变化标准差、降水量季节性变异系数、年平均温度、10月份的光照强度、最干月降水量对该物种的地理分布影响较大;资源调查发现云南是草果的主产区,产地包括滇东南、滇西北和滇西;产地间生境差异大,形成多种草果种植模式:(1)尼泊尔桤木林+草果,(2)杉木林+草果,(3)核桃林、漆树林或喜树林+草果,(4)混合原生林+草果;草果表型数据分析显示,其表型变异式样丰富,15个性状变异系数均值为27.34%,各性状中,挥发油得率的变异系数最大(53.54%),果宽变异系数最小(7.43%);相关性分析表明,果实、果穗等性状间相关性较强;基于性状的聚类分析显示,57份资源可分为7类,其中Ⅰ类、Ⅲ类和Ⅴ类包含不同的产地;主成分分析显示,前5个主成分累计贡献率达80.53%,可解释性状的大部分信息,综合性状特征筛选出18份种质资源,尤以怒江州贡山县的果实为佳。以上研究结果为揭示草果资源地理分布特征、合理规划种植区、筛选优质草果资源提供理论依据。
In order to develop and utilize Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemariérationally,we investigated its resources in 7 of the production areas in Yunnan and Guangxi in 2019.Based on the species distribution information,combined with the maximum entropy model and GIS,the most suitable production areas were identified,and 15 fruits and spike traits of 57 accessions were evaluated.The results of maximum entropy model showed that the geographical distribution range of A.tsaoko Crevost&Lemariéwas within 99.1-112.8°E,20.5-30.4°N,with 48.14×104 km2 of optimal areas,mainly distributed in Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan and western Guangxi.Among the climatic factors,precipitation in June,standard deviation of seasonal variation of temperature,seasonal variation coefficient of precipitation,annual mean temperature,solar radiation in October,and precipitation in the driest month have greater effects on the geographical distribution of the species.In the resource survey it was found that Yunnan was the main production area of A.tsaoko Crevost&Lemarié,including southeast,northwest and west of the province;the habitat difference among the production areas was large,resulting in a variety of A.tsaoko Crevost&Lemariéplanting patterns:(1)Alnus nepalensis D.Don forest+Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarié;(2)Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.forest+Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarié;(3)Juglans regia L.forest,Camptotheca acuminata Decne.forest,or Toxicodendron vernicifluum(stokes)F.A.Barkley forest+Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarié;(4)The mixed primeval forest+Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarié.The phenotypic data analysis showed that the phenotypic variation patterns were rich,and the average variation coefficient of the 15 traits was 27.34%.Among all those traits,the variation coefficient of volatile oil yield was the largest(53.54%),and the variation coefficient of fruit width was the smallest(7.43%).The correlation analysis showed that there was a strong correlation between the fruit and spike characters.According to clustering analysis,the 57 resources were
作者
许倬卉
杨绍兵
杨天梅
杨维泽
王元忠
张金渝
XU Zhuo-hui;YANG Shao-bing;YANG Tian-mei;YANG Wei-ze;WANG Yuan-zhong;ZHANG Jin-yu(Medicinal Plants Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650200;College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650500)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期1009-1020,共12页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
云南省全国第四次中药资源普查
2018年云南省重大科技专项计划(2018ZF010)
2019年云南省重大科技专项计划(2019ZG00903)
2020年云南省农业科学院科技创新及成果转化试点专项(202002AE320007-01)。
关键词
草果
资源调查
地理分布
表型性状
Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarié
resource investigation
geographical distribution
phenotypic traits
