摘要
在某一特定机制中,具有共同利益的国家之间形成的利益集团能够使单一国家的制度性权力和话语优势得以提升和放大。在南极条约体系内也存在掌握优势地位和话语主动权的利益集团,即南极事务垄断集团。该集团由美国和历史上对南极提出过领土主张的7个国家构成,对南极地区的陆地和海域资源持“封存”立场。南极事务“垄断”格局从垄断集团国家递交南极条约协商会议工作文件的数量、划设保护区域的面积,以及实施视察的次数等实证分析中能够得以印证。本文将系统梳理《南极条约》签订以来在不同历史阶段南极事务“垄断”格局的演变历程,对“垄断”现状展开实证分析,追踪垄断集团的权力来源,评估其对南极政治格局的影响,并结合当下南极政治形势探索性地提出中国在南极事务上避免政治孤立并提升影响力的可行路径。
Within a particular mechanism,an interest group formed between countries with common interests could enhance and amplify the institutional power and discourse advantage of a single country.There exists an interest group holding a dominant position,namely the monopoly bloc in the Antarctic affairs.The bloc,composed of the United States and the seven countries claiming Antarctic territorial sovereignty,urges the“sealing”of terrestrial and marine resources in the Antarctic region.The fact of monopoly can be reflected in empirical evidence,i.e.,the number of Working Papers(WP)submitted by the monopoly bloc in the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings,the size of protected areas acquired by the monopoly bloc,as well as the number of inspections applied.This article aims to elaborate the formation and development of the monopolistic situation in the Antarctic region at different stages since the signing of the Antarctic Treaty,to conduct an empirical analysis on the status-quo of monopoly,to track the sources of power of the monopoly bloc and its influences on the Antarctic affairs,and finally to propose feasible approaches for China to avoid political isolation and increase influence in the Antarctic affairs.
作者
邓贝西
张侠
DENG Beixi;ZHANG Xia(Polar Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200136,China)
出处
《太平洋学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第7期79-92,共14页
Pacific Journal
基金
科技部国家研发计划重点专项“极地地缘政治风险评估与我国参与国际治理政策问题研究”(2019YF1408201)课题
国家社科基金一般项目“科技竞争的全球图景和中国‘创新伙伴关系’的推进逻辑研究”(20BGJ001)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
南极地缘政治
垄断集团
南极条约体系
Antarctic geopolitics
monopoly bloc
Antarctic Treaty system
