摘要
以美国和俄罗斯为代表的大学学科布局,呈现强化优势学科、突出特色发展;重视成果转化、强化实践培养的特点。科学合理的学科布局将有效整合教育资源,充分发挥学科优势,形成行业特色鲜明的人才培养大平台,从而提高人才培养质量。以南京航空航天大学学科布局调整为实证案例,将该校光学工程、土木工程一级学科的研究生作为调研对象,以发明专利和学术论文为观测点,对比两个学科布局调整前后研究生的创新探索能力,结果表明两个学科的研究生在学科布局调整后,其科研创新成果在数量和质量上均有所提高,科研内容具有学科交叉性,科研方法得到进一步拓展。学科布局优化调整对研究生人才培养具有重要的意义,以期培养出坚定特色、强化应用、注重交叉的研究生人才。
Analyzing the discipline layout of Western universities represented by those in the United States and universities represented by those in Russia,this article finds that the discipline layout of foreign universities presents the characteristics of strengthening superior disciplines and highlighting characteristic development,emphasizing transformation and strengthening practical training.A scientific and reasonable discipline layout will effectively integrate educational resources,fully demonstrate discipline advantages and form a large platform for cultivating talents with distinctive industry characteristics,at last improving the quality of talents.Taking the adjustment of the discipline layout of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics as an empirical case,the postgraduates of optical engineering and civil engineering in this school are used as the research subjects,and the invention patents and academic papers are used as observation points to compare the innovation and exploration capabilities of the postgraduates before and after the adjustment of the two disciplines.The results show that after the adjustment of the two disciplines’layout,the number and quality of scientific research innovation have been improved in both disciplines.Besides,the scientific research content is interdisciplinary and the scientific research methods have been further expanded.This article analyzes the significance of the optimization and adjustment of the discipline layout to the cultivation of postgraduates,and puts forward suggestions for the cultivation of postgraduates in our country to improve the quality of talents training,such as highlighting characteristics,strengthening applications,focusing on interdisciplinary and so on.
作者
赵阳
任瑜
ZHAO Yang;REN Yu(Development Planning Department,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211106,China)
出处
《南京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》
2021年第3期113-118,共6页
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics（Social Sciences）
基金
南京航空航天大学基本科研业务费科研项目青年科技创新基金(人文社科类)(NR2019032)。
关键词
学科布局
人才培养
学科建设
discipline layout
talent training
discipline construction
