摘要
目的了解凉山地区不同特征居民新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称“新冠肺炎”)相关知识知晓情况、获取信息途径及其影响因素,为不同人群开展针对性的健康教育提供依据。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,2020-09-14/12-11对凉山州居民开展新冠肺炎认知情况现场问卷调查,并利用SPSS 26.0软件对调查数据进行χ^(2)检验,检验水准以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果回收有效问卷1 678份,有效率为93.80%。在新冠肺炎认知方面,流行病学特征知晓率为37.40%,单项知识点知晓率为14.24%84.86%;防护措施知晓率为78.07%,单项知识点知晓率为62.51%93.44%。单因素分析结果显示不同性别、年龄、地区、民族、文化程度及职业分布均是认知水平的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。信息获取途径调查结果显示通过电视获取新冠肺炎相关信息的最多,达到89.15%,其次是社区宣传及微信,分别为65.26%和56.97%,不同性别、年龄、地区、民族、文化程度及职业分布对公众获取信息渠道有影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论凉山地区居民新冠肺炎相关知识认知总体情况较差,流行病学特征知识急需加强。应扩展健康教育渠道,针对文化程度较低、农民或工人、少数民族、经济发展水平较落后地区人群加强新冠肺炎相关知识的宣传教育。
Objective To investigate the knowledge, access to information and influencing factors of COVID-19 among residents with different characteristics in Liangshan area,and to provide the basis for different people to carry out targeted health education. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in Liangshan prefecture by stratified multi-stage random sampling from September 14 to December 11, 2020. And data analysis was performed by using SPSS 26.0 software for chi-square test. The differences was statistically significant with test level P<0.05.Results A total of 1 678 valid questionnaires were returned, the effective rate was 93.8%. In the cognition of COVID-19, the awareness rate of epidemiological features was 37.40%, andthe awareness rate of individual knowledge points was 14.24% ~84.86%. The awareness rate of protective measures was 78.07%, and the awareness rate of single knowledge point was 62.51% ~93.44%. The result of monofactor analysis showed that gender, age, region, nationality, education level and occupation were the influencing factors of cognitive level, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The survey results of information acquisition channels showed that the main routes of acquiring COVID-19 related knowledge was TV, which reached 89.15%,then followed by community publicity and We Chat, which were 65.26% and 56.97%, respectively.Different gender, age, region, nationality, education level and occupation they had an impact on public access to information channels, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Residents in Liangshan area have a poor knowledge of COVID-19. Among them, the awareness of protection knowledge of COVID-19 is better, but the knowledge of epidemiological characteristics very need to be strengthened. The channels of health education should be expanded,and the publicity and education of COVID-19 knowledge should be strengthened for people which with lower educational level,farmers or workers,ethnic minorities,and peop
作者
陈傲兰
廖强
吉克春农
马阿依
毛光玉
朱天宇
付立文
阿都嫫李扎
CHEN Aolan;LIAO Qiang;JIKE Chunnong;MA Ayi;MAO Guangyu;ZHU Tianyu;FU Liwen;ADU Molizha(Liangshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xichang 615000,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2021年第7期934-942,共9页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
新冠肺炎
认知
健康教育
COVID-19
cognitive
health education
