摘要
目的了解青岛市2017—2019年出生缺陷的现状,并分析其影响因素。方法收集青岛市出生缺陷监测系统中2017年1月1日至2019年12月31日的孕28周至出生后7 d的围产儿信息,采用描述性分析方法对出生缺陷发生情况及其影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共收集2017—2019年青岛市14家监测医院上报的出生数据,3年间围产儿分别为20 300、14 916和14 592人,共49 808人,共报告出生缺陷1 236例,缺陷发生率为24.82‰。不同年份缺陷发生率差异无统计学意义。出生缺陷发生前3位为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)和唇腭裂,分别占19.7%、18.1%、16.9%,前3位占所有出生缺陷的54.7%,每年顺位有所不同。年龄<20或≥35岁(OR=1.193、1.236)的产妇分娩出生缺陷儿的风险较高,初产妇(OR=0.871)分娩出生缺陷儿的风险较低。结论青岛市围产儿出生缺陷率低于全国一般水平,近年来变化趋势平稳。出生缺陷类型前3位分别是先天性心脏病、多指(趾)和唇腭裂。影响该地区围产儿出生缺陷的因素主要有遗传因素及产妇年龄,建议加强该地区产妇的孕前及产前保健工作,做好优生优育工作,提高人群素质。
ObjectiveTo understand the current situation of birth defects in Qingdao from 2017 to 2019,and analyze its influencing factors.MethodsCollect perinatal information from the 28 th week of gestation to 7 days after birth in the birth defects monitoring system in Qingdao from January 1,2017 to December 31,2019,and use descriptive analysis methods to analyze the occurrence of birth defects and their influencing factors.ResultsThe birth data of 14 monitoring hospitals in Qingdao from 2017 to 2019 were collected. During the three years,there were 20 300,14 916 and 14 592 perinatal infants,a total of 49 808. Among them,1 236 cases of birth defects were reported,and the incidence rate of birth defects was 24.82‰. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of birth defects in different years. The top 3 birth defects were congenital heart disease,polydactyly,and cleft lip and palate,accounting for 19.7%,18.1% and16.9%,respectively. The top 3 birth defects accounted for 54.7% of all birth defects,and the order varies from year to year. The risk of birth defects in the parturient aged <20 years(OR = 1.193)or ≥35 years(OR = 1.236)was higher,and the risk of birth defects was lower in the primipara(OR = 0.871).ConclusionThe birth defects rate of newborns in Qingdao is lower than the national average,and the trend of changes has been steady in recent years. The top 3 types of birth defects are congenital heart disease,polydactyly,and cleft lip and palate. The main factors affecting the birth defects of perinatal infants in this area are genetic factors and parturient age. It is recommended to strengthen pre-pregnancy and pre-natal health care for parturient in the region,do a good job in eugenics,and improve the quality of the population.
作者
郭红艳
董芝
夏银梅
韩艳艳
GUO Hong-yan;DONG Zhi;XIA YIN-mei;HAN Yan-yan(Qingdao Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Qingdao 200109,China)
出处
《华南预防医学》
2021年第6期741-743,共3页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
山东省医学卫生科技发展计划项目(2018WS0290)。
关键词
围产儿
出生缺陷
发生率
预防
Perinatal infant
Birth defect
Incidence
Prevention
