摘要
目的探讨燃煤电厂职业病危害因素对职工健康的影响,为职业病防治提供科学依据。方法对广西两个生产规模相近的燃煤电厂(以下简称F厂和L厂)进行现场劳动卫生学调查,检测粉尘、CO、噪声和高温职业病危害因素,并收集2018年共835人次的职业健康检查资料。选择粉尘、CO、噪声、和高温暴露的职工为接触组,后勤管理人员为对照组,分析上述职业病危害因素对职工健康的影响。结果2018年F厂作业场所噪声合格率为59.3%,L厂作业场所噪声合格率为44.0%。两燃煤电厂其余职业病危害因素检测结果均符合国家相关标准限值。两燃煤电厂男职工均比女职工多,F厂接触组职工的高脂血症检出率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),高血压、B超异常、血红蛋白减少检出率均明显低于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。L厂接触组职工的高血压、B超异常和脂肪肝检出率均明显高于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。二项Logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、年龄是职工高血压、高脂血症的危险因素(P<0.05),工龄是听力损失的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论两燃煤电厂噪声超标严重,建议加强工作场所噪声的监测,提高防噪耳塞等防护用品的使用率,并重视患高血压和高脂血症职工的健康教育。
Objective To explore influence of occupational hazards on workers’health in two power plants in Guangxi Province,so as to provide the evidence for protection of occupational workers and prevention of occupational disease.Methods The on-site industrial health survey in two power plants(Named as factory F and factory L)of Guangxi Province in 2018 were conducted.Meanwhile,data on occupational health examinations of total 835 person-time were collected.Workers who were exposed todust,noise and high temperature were defined as the exposure group,workers whose jobs were management were defined as the control group.Results The pass rates of occupational noise were 59.3%in factory F and 44.0%in factory L.The levels of other occupational hazards were below the national standards.Male workers were more than female ones both in the two power plants.The detection rate of hyperlipidaemia in the exposure group of the factory F was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),the detection rate of hypertention,B-ultrasound and hemoglobinopenia was lower than that in the control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).The detection rate of hypertention,B-ultrasound and fatty liver in the exposure group of factory L was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The logistic regression analysis showed that male and age were risk factors correlated with hypertension and hyperlipidemia(P<0.05).The years of service lengthwas a risk factor for hearing loss.Conclusions These two power plants should pay more attention for noise control.It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring of noise in the workplace and increase the utilization rate of anti-noise earplugs and other protective equipments.The prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia were so high that some related precautionary measures such as health education should be carried out.
作者
陈小红
许雪梅
梁龄元
陈韦永
方燕明
吕丽君
姜岳明
麦志丹
黄晓薇
CHEN Xiao-hong;XU Xue-mei;LIANG Ling-yuan;CHEN Wei-yong;FANG Yan-ming;LV Li-jun;JIANG Yueming;MAI Zhi-dan;HUANG Xiao-wei(Department of Physical Examination,Guangxi Institute for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Nanning 530021,China;不详)
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
2021年第4期286-289,共4页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
基金
广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S2018048)。
关键词
燃煤电厂
职业健康检查
噪声性听力损失
Power plant
Occupational health examination
Noise-induced hearing loss
