摘要
目的探讨钢铁厂炼钢和轧钢车间噪声作业工人高血压患病状况及影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法,于2013年9至12月对河南省某钢铁厂炼钢和轧钢车间的3150名噪声作业工人进行问卷调查,并测量血压,最终检测2924名工人,炼钢车间1313名,轧钢车间1611名。分析接触噪声工人的不同人口学特征、不同生活习惯和不同累积噪声暴露量与高血压的关系。结果研究对象的高血压患病率为27.43%(802/2924],其中男性高于女性[29.88%(753/2520)比12.13%(49/404),X2=55.13,P〈O.001];已婚高于未婚[29.84%(718/2406)比16.22%(84/518),x2=39.76,P〈O.001];吸烟高于不吸烟[30.31%(438/1445)比24.61%(364/1479),x2=11.93,P=0.001];饮酒高于不饮酒[31.53%(541/1716)比21.61%(261/1208),x3=35.05,P〈O.001];初中及以下、高中(中专)和大学及以上者的高血压患病率分别为44.96%(125/278)、29.95%(455/1519)和19.70%(222/1127)(~2=81.65,P〈O.001);累积暴露量77~89、90—94、95~99、100~104和105—113[dB(A)x年1的高血压患病率分别为8.43%(14/166)、14.48%(53/366)、24.28%(297/1223)、36.65%(335/914)和40.39%(103/255)(x2=127.58,P〈O.001)。多因素logistic回归分析表明,累积噪声暴露量为95~99、100~104、105~113[dB(A)x年1患高血压的风险较高,OR(95%凹)值分别为1.84(95%C/:1.35~2.51)、1.74(95%C/:1.24~2.45)、1.68(95%6'/:1.09~2.58)。饮酒(OR=1.60,95%C/:1.32—1.95)、BMI≥24.0kg/m。(OR=I.26,95%C/:1.22—1.30)也是高血压患病的危险因素。结论累积噪声暴露量、饮酒及超过正常范围值的BMI可能对接触噪声工人的高血压患病率存在影响。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and influence factors of hypertension among the workers exposed to noise in steel making and steel rolling workshop of an iron and steel plant. Methods Using cluster sampling method, 3 150 workers exposed to noise participated in this study. According to do questionnaire survey and blood pressure measurement, 2 924 workers were tested, among which 1 313 workers were from steel making workshop and 1 611 workers were from steel rolling workshop. The relationships between different demographic characteristics, different habits, and different cumulative noise exposures of workers exposed to noise and hypertension were analyzed. Results For the hypertension prevalence rate, the total prevalence rate was 27.43% (802/2 924),the male was higher than the female (29.88 %(753/2 520) vs 12.13%(49/404),X2=55.13, P〈0.001), married ones were higher than the unmarried (29.84%(718/2 406) vs 16.22%(84/518),X2=39.76, P〈0.001), the smoking subjects were higher than the no smoking(30.31%(438/1 445) vs 24.61%(364/1 479),X2=11.93, P=0.001), drinking ones were higher than the no drinking (31.53%(541/1 716) vs 21.61%(261/1 208),X2=35.05, P〈0.001) .The hypertension prevalence rates among the subjects with education background in junior high school and below, high school (secondary) and university and above were separately 44.96%(125/278),29.95%(455/1 519) and 19.70%(222/1 127)(X2= 81.65, P〈0.001), among cumulative exposure groups 77-89, 90-94, 95-99, 100-104 and 105-113 were separately 8.43%(14/166),14.48%(53/366),24.28%(297/1 223),36.65%(335/914)and 40.39%(103/255) (X2= 127.58, P〈0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that workers who exposed to cumulative noise in 95-99,100-104 and 105-113 dB(A).year had the higher risk of hypertension, the 0R(95%C1) were 1.84( 95%Chl.35-2.51),1.74(95%CI: 1.24-2.45) andl.68(95%CI: 1.09-2.58).Drinking (OR=1.60, 95%Ch
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期405-410,共6页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金(81372940)
“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2014BA112B03)
关键词
噪声
高血压
患病率
累积噪声暴露量
Noise
Hypertension
Prevalence
Cumulative noise exposure