摘要
对于生态危机的思考是国外马克思主义思潮中的一大元问题。在西方生态危机理论谱系中,生态学马克思主义者安德烈·高兹围绕生态危机问题而阐发的"生态危机论"内涵丰富,意蕴深远。经由对资本主义社会的生态批判,高兹认为资本主义制度是造成生态危机的根源,生态危机受市场经济的刺激不断强化,并伴随着科技的资本主义使用而达到极峰;随后高兹转入对人类文明现代性的思考与对旧社会主义模式的生态批判,否定了生态原教旨主义的理论主张与旧社会主义模式中的生态治理,重申了社会主义愿景背后所蕴含的生态启迪;最终提出了从生产方式、生活方式、思维方式三个维度超越资本主义的生态重建思想,搭建了生态社会主义整体模型。不难发现,高兹在界定生态危机性状、挖掘生态危机根源和谋求生态危机治理时,充分吸取了马克思主义自然观的智慧,其"生态危机论"的阐发亦彰显出马克思主义的时代价值。通过梳理高兹"生态危机论"的逻辑进路,可以为当今我国生态危机治理提供思路启示和路径启示。
The research on ecological crises is a major meta-problem in the overseas Marxist ideological trend.In the western ecological crisis theory pedigree,the“ecological crisis theory”expounded by AndréGorz,an ecological Marxist,is profound in meaning and rich in connotation.Through the ecological criticism on the capitalist society,Gorz believed that the capitalist system is the root cause of ecological crises.The ecological crises,becoming increasingly severe with the stimulation of the market economy,reach the peak with the capitalized use of science and technology.Gorz then reflected on the modernity of human civilization and made an ecological criticism on the old socialist model,negating the claims of ecological fundamentalism and the ecological governance in the old socialist model and reaffirming the ecological enlightenment behind the socialist vision.Finally,he proposed the ecological reconstruction thought that would surpass capitalism from the dimensions of production mode,life style and thinking mode,and thus set up the overall model of ecological socialism.It can be found that Gorz fully absorbed the wisdom of Marxism view of nature when analyzing the characteristics of ecological crises,digging for the root cause and seeking for the treatment of ecological crises.His exposition of“ecological crisis theory”showed the contemporary value of Marxism.Sorting out the logical approach of Gorz's“ecological crisis theory”can provide enlightenment of thought and path for China's ecological crisis management.
作者
李培鑫
Li Peixin(School of Marxism,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications)
出处
《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2021年第3期64-77,共14页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心重点项目“治理主体视角下坚持和完善生态文明制度体系的路径研究”(20LLZZB046)。
关键词
高兹
生态危机
经济理性
生态社会主义
人与自然和谐
Gorz
ecological crisis
Economic Rationality
ecological socialism
harmony between man and nature
