摘要
目的了解海口市护理人员工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs)症状发生情况并探讨其影响因素,为制订干预措施,提高护理人员健康水平提供依据。方法以海口市2家三级甲等医院工龄满1年以上的护理人员为研究对象,用肌肉骨骼疾患自评问卷调查护理人员的一般情况、健康状况、工作情况;采用二分类logistic回归法分析WMSDs的影响因素。结果共发放717份问卷,有效回收714份。护理人员从参加工作至今的总患病率为85.43%,近1年总患病率为83.75%,近1周患病率为71.85%,患病率较高的部位均是腰部、颈部和肩部。参加工作至今、近1年、近1周护理人员因WMSDs导致的缺勤率分别为11.5%、8.3%、4.3%。logistic回归分析结果显示:工龄≥21年的护理人员发生WMSDs的危险性是工龄≤5年的5.784倍(P <0.05);下班后感觉有点累或很累的护理人员发生WMSDs的危险性是下班后不感觉累的2.721倍(P <0.01);大幅度弯腰、上方空间不够被迫弯腰、工作中有时脚底打滑或跌倒、头每分钟多次做同一动作的护理人员发生WMSDs的危险性分别是没有这类情况护理人员的2.692倍、2.194倍、2.228倍、2.456倍(P <0.05);休息时间充足和工作在户外完成的护理人员发生WMSDs的危险性仅为休息时间不充足和工作不在户外完成的0.319、0.285倍(P <0.01)。结论海口市护理人员WMSDs患病率较高,以腰部患病最常见,其重要的影响因素是工龄、下班后疲劳感和不良工效学因素。
Objective To understand the occurrence of symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among nursing staff in Haikou City and to explore its influencing factors,so as to provide a basis for formulating intervention measures and improve the health of nursing staff. Methods The nurses with working experience of one year or more in two top tertiary hospitals in Haikou City were surveyed by using self-assessment questionnaires for musculoskeletal disorders,including general conditions,health conditions and work condition. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of WMSDs. Results A total of 717 questionnaires were distributed and 714 were effectively recovered. The total WMSDs prevalence rate of the nursing staff was 85.43% during their work period,with 83.75% in the last year and 71.85% in the last week. The higher prevalence rate was in the waist,neck and shoulder. The absenteeism rate of these nurses due to WMSDs was 11.5% during their work period,8.3% in the last year and 4.3% in the last week,respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the WMSDs risk of nurses with working time more than 21 years was 5.784 times higher than that of those with working time less than 5 years(P < 0.05). The WMSDS risk of nurses was higher among the nursing staff who felt slightly or very tired after work(2.721 times),had bend down sharply(2.692 times)or were forced to bend over due to limited space(2.194 times),slipped or fall occasionally(2.228 times),and had frequent head movement(2.456 times). The WMSDs risk of nurses who had sufficient rest time and worked outdoors was lower(0.319 and 0.285 times)than the others(P < 0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of WMSDs among nursing staff in Haikou City was relatively high,and the most common was in the waist. The important influencing factors of WMSDs were work time,post-working fatigue and poor ergonomic factors.
作者
张雪
曾冬阳
许思怡
王丹心
李方媛
蔡文妍
ZHANG Xue;ZENG Dongyang;XU Siyi;WANG Danxin;LI Fangyuan;CAI Wenyan(Graduate School,Hainan Medical College,Haikou,Hainan 571199,China;Hainan Medical College,Haikou,Hainan 571199,China;Department of Urology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College,Haikou,Hainan 570102,China)
出处
《职业卫生与应急救援》
2021年第3期266-271,共6页
Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue
基金
海南省卫生计生行业科研项目(18A200029)。
关键词
护理人员
工作相关
肌肉骨骼疾患
影响因素
海口市
工效学
nursing staff
work-related musculoskeletal disorders
influencing factor
ergonomics
Haikou City
