摘要
目的了解广州市农村安全饮水工程基本情况和水质卫生现状,为实施农村改水和保障农村居民的饮水安全提供科学依据。方法 2017-2019年对广州市农村地区的农村安全饮水工程基本情况进行调查和水质监测,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)对水质监测结果进行分析和评价。结果 2017-2019年共调查170个农村安全饮水工程,其中125个(73.53%)为水务局等政府部门建设,124个(72.94%)水量充足,97个(57.06%)采用地表水,26个(15.29%)有备用水源,24个(14.12%)无任何保护措施,均无消毒设备。2017-2019年共监测水样340份,合格52份,合格率为15.29%,水质合格率有逐年下降的趋势(χ^(2)=8.193,P<0.01)。主要不合格指标为总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、pH值、肉眼可见物、浑浊度和菌落总数,合格率分别为41.76%、54.12%、80.59%、82.65%、83.82%和87.97%。各区农村安全饮水工程水质合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=67.620,P<0.01)。结论农村安全饮水工程水质合格率较低,无保护措施和完整的水质处理工艺,建议加强农村安全饮水工程水质监督监测和工程管理,完善处理工艺,保障农村居民的饮水安全。
Objective To understand basic situation and water quality and sanitation of rural safety drinking water projects in Guangzhou,and to provide scientific basis for implementation of rural water reform and ensure the drinking water safety to rural residents.Methods Basic situation investigation and water quality monitoring of rural safety drinking water projects in rural areas of Guangzhou were implemented from 2017 to 2019,and the water quality monitoring results were analyzed and evaluated according to Hygienic Standards for Drinking Water(GB 5749-2006).Results A total of 170 rural safety drinking water projects were investigated from 2017 to 2019,125(73.53%)projects were built by the government departments such as the Water Affairs Bureau,124(72.94%)projects water were found to have enough water volume,97 projects(57.06%)were supplied with surface water,26(15.29%)projects were found to have back-up water sources,and 24 projects(14.12%)were free of any protection measure.All rural safety drinking water projects lacked of sterilizing equipment.A total of 340 water samples were monitored,and 52 samples were tested to have the pass percent in 15.29%from 2017 to 2019.The pass percent of water quality showed decreasing trend year by year(χ^(2)=8.193,P<0.01).Main disqualification indexes were total coliform group,heat-resistant coliform group,pH value,visible matter,turbidity and total number of colonies.The pass percent of such indexes was 41.76%,54.12%,80.59%,82.65%,83.82%and 87.97%respectively.The difference in the pass percent of rural safety drinking water projects between different districts was statistically significant(χ^(2)=67.620,P<0.01).Conclusion The pass percent of water quality of rural safety drinking water projects is low.Rural safety drinking water projects lack of protective measures and complete water quality treatment technologies.It is advised to tigthen the supervision,surveillance and management for water quality of rural drinking water safety projects and to improve the treatment technology so
作者
周金华
黎晓彤
钟嶷
孙丽丽
黄仁德
毕华
李琴
王德东
郭重山
ZHOU Jin-hua;LI Xiao-tong;ZHONG Yi;SUN Li-li;HUANG Ren-de;BI Hua;LI Qin;WANG De-dong;GUO Chong-shan(Department of Environmental Health,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong 510440,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2021年第7期712-714,F0003,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
广州市科技计划项目(201804010194)。
关键词
农村
安全饮水工程
水质
分析
Rural
Safety drinking water project
Water quality
Analysis
