摘要
邓志谟是生于江西生活于明末的通俗文学家,创作过不少小说戏曲作品。他又是通俗读物的编撰者,在福建建阳书林编纂有类书多种。受宋金杂剧院本以果名、百草名、棋名等院本名目的影响,他以编纂类书的知识积累为基础,创作了《玛瑙簪记》《八珠环记》《并头花记》《凤头鞋记》《玉莲环记》等串联物名的传奇。现存四种,分别串联百药、骨牌、百花、百鸟,以其命名人物,展现剧情,连缀曲词文句,形同游戏,形成了一种独特的“物名”戏剧形式。这四种传奇,内容上全都演述才子佳人故事,情节不脱才子佳人婚姻、仕途、小人拨乱、外族入侵、佳人守贞、才子立功、赐婚团圆的套路。四剧受“物名”的限制,在语言文字上多堆砌名物,炫耀博雅,成类书化文辞的代表。作者也有较深的文学素养和通俗文学的功底,剧中时见清新流畅、蕴藉隽永的文字,体现出不同的语言风格。邓志谟是一位游走于基层文化圈的山人墨客,他的剧作也是明代末年出现的一种特殊的戏剧现象,值得我们进一步关注和研究。
Deng Zhimo,born in Jiangxi Province in the late Ming dynasty,wrote many novels and operas.He was also a popular literature editor and compiled a variety of encyclopedias in Jianyang Bookstore,Fujian Province.Influenced by names of fruits,herbs and chess in the zaju drama of the Song and Yuan dynasties,he created legends of series names such as Manaozan Ji,Bazhuhuan Ji,Bingtouhua Ji,Fengtouxie Ji,and Yulianhuan Ji,which were based on his accumulation during the compilation.There exist four legends now,which are respectively strung together with medicines,dominoes,flowers and birds to name characters,show plots and compose songs and sentences,just like games,forming a unique opera form of“name of things”.The content of all the four legends are about talented scholars and beauties,of which the plot is nothing more than their marriage,official career,traitors’conspiracy,foreign invasion,beauties’chastity,scholars’meritorious service,marriage and reunion.Restricted by the“name”,the words in the four plays piled up famous things to show off the elegance,making those legends the representatives of the Encyclopedia-like literary works.The author has a deep literary literacy and popular literature foundation,in whose works the words are fluent and meaningful,reflecting different language styles.Deng Zhimo is a literatus in the cultural field for grassroots.His plays represent a special opera phenomenon in the late Ming dynasty,which deserves our further research.
作者
江巨荣
JIANG Jurong(Department of Chinese Literature,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
2021年第4期32-44,共13页
Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)
