摘要
目的调查新冠肺炎疫情发生前后公众焦虑情况及影响因素,为类似突发公共卫生事件的心理干预提供参考。方法于2020年2月7日-14日向我国大陆地区公众进行网络问卷调查,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评定其疫情期间焦虑状况,并回顾性评定疫情前(2020年1月20日前)焦虑状况,分析疫情发生前后公众的焦虑情况及其影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷1222份,有效问卷回收率为93.8%。疫情发生后,焦虑状态检出人数由90人(7.4%)增加至172人(14.1%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。疫情期间公众SAS评分高于疫情前,差异有统计学意义[(40.65±10.43)分vs.(36.32±8.46)分,P<0.01]。公众焦虑加重的危险因素包括严重生活影响(P<0.01)、年龄大(P<0.01)、女性(P<0.01)、受教育程度低(P=0.005)、医护工作者(P=0.031)、缺乏医学教育背景(P=0.039);医护工作者焦虑加重的独立危险因素包括被疏离感(P<0.01)、年龄大(P<0.01)、女性(P=0.002)、严重生活影响(P=0.044)。结论疫情发生后公众焦虑状态检出率高于疫情前,生活严重受影响、年龄大、女性、受教育程度低、无医学教育背景的公众,以及有被疏离感、年龄大、女性、生活严重受影响的医护工作者是出现焦虑状态的高危人群。
Objective To investigate the prevenance rate and related factors of anxiety among the public before and after outbreak of COVID-19,and to provide scientific guidance for public health emergency response in psychological intervention field.Methods By using the convenient sampling method,residents in Chinese mainland participated in predesigned questionnaire survey from February 7^(th) to February 14^(th),2020,meantime,all the selected individuals were assessed using Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).The anxiety status was also retrospectively evaluated before January 20^(th),prior to the outbreak.Thereafter,a before-andafter comparison was conducted on the anxiety status,and the related influencing factors were discussed.Results A total of 1222 valid questionnaires were collected,with a valid rate of 93.8%.After the outbreak,the number of people with anxiety symptoms increased from 90(7.4%)to 172(14.1%),with statistical difference(P<0.01).The SAS score increased from(40.65±10.43)to(36.32±8.46),with statistical difference(P<0.01).For overall sample,the independent risk factors of anxiety aggravation included serious disruptions of daily life(P<0.01),older age(P<0.01),female(P<0.01),poor education background(P=0.005),occupied in medical staff(P=0.031)and lack of medical education(P=0.039).For medical staff,the independent risk factors of anxiety aggravation included sense of being-alienated(P<0.01),older age(P<0.01),female(P=0.002)and serious disruptions of daily life(P=0.044).Conclusion The prevalence rate of anxiety is increased after the outbreak of COVID-19,especially among the general public with serious disruptions of daily life,older age,females,poor education background,and the lack of medical education,and among medical staff with sense of being-alienated,older age,females,and serious disruptions of daily life.
作者
郭妙兰
郭锦兰
陈柏欣
魏睿宏
陈晓瑾
郑少燕
Guo Miaolan;Guo Jinlan;Chen Baixin;Wei Ruihong;Chen Xiaojin;Zheng Shaoyan(Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China)
出处
《四川精神卫生》
2021年第3期262-266,共5页
Sichuan Mental Health
