摘要
恶性黑色素瘤是一种由黑色素细胞恶变引发的高度恶性非上皮源性肿瘤。恶性黑色素瘤无典型临床症状,发病率较低,但病死率较高。恶性黑色素瘤的病理组织学较复杂,尤其是原发性食管恶性黑色素瘤,发生部位较少见,且早期不易被发现,误诊率高。而遗传因素是导致恶性黑色素瘤发生的重要因素,临床针对相关基因的研究为恶性黑色素瘤的治疗提供了新思路。临床早期诊断是提高原发性食管恶性黑色素瘤患者疗效及预后的重要因素,在传统放化疗基础上进一步探究基因靶向治疗及生物免疫治疗方式是未来的研究方向。
Malignant melanoma is a kind of non-epithelial tumor,and it is a highly malignant tumor caused by the deterioration of melanocytes.Malignant melanoma does not have typical clinical symptoms and has a low incidence,but the mortality is high.The histopathology of malignant melanoma is complex,especially primary esophageal malignant melanoma,which is rare and difficult to be found in the early stage,and has a high misdiagnosis rate.Genetic factors are important factors leading to the occurrence of malignant melanoma,and clinical research on the related genes provides a new idea for the treatment.Early clinical diagnosis is an important factor to improve the efficacy and prognosis of the patients with primary esophageal malignant melanoma.Further exploration of gene targeted therapy and biological immunotherapy based on traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the research direction in the future.
作者
葛金童
徐克平
GE Jintong;XU Keping(Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,Huai′an First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Huai′an 223300,China)
出处
《医学综述》
CAS
2021年第12期2360-2364,共5页
Medical Recapitulate
关键词
原发性食管恶性黑色素瘤
基因靶向治疗
生物免疫治疗
Primary malignant melanoma of esophagus
Gene targeted therapy
Biological immunotherapy
