摘要
本文通过多角度考察对比"为什么""干吗""干什么"的句法、语义及语用特征,指出:在句法方面,三者的语法化程度不同,"为什么"语法化程度最高,已基本获得副词功能,"干吗""干什么"已虚化为疑问代词,其中"干吗"的语法化程度介乎于"为什么"和"干什么"之间。文章还简单追溯了这三个词的语法化路径,比较了与这三个词相关联的一组构式,概括出构式义(含语用特征)。
This paper conducts a mult-perspective comparison of syntactic,semantic and pragmatic features of weishenme,ganma and ganshenme,and points out that the grammaticalizaton degrees of the three words are different.The grammaticalizaton degree of weishenme is the highest among them and basically it has the functions of an adverb,while ganma and ganshenme have become interrogative pronouns,and the former is more grammatcalized than the latter.This study also traces a brief history of the evolution of the three expressions and examines the characteristics of the constructions with these three words,summarizing their constructional senses(including pragmatic meanings).
作者
陈满华
CHEN Man-hua(School of Liberal Arts,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)
出处
《汉语学习》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期3-13,共11页
Chinese Language Learning
关键词
“为什么”
“干吗”
“干什么”
语法化
构式义
"weishenme"(为什么)
"ganma"(干吗)
"ganshenme"(干什么)
grammaticalizaton
constructional senses
