摘要
【目的】分析星油藤Plukenetia volubilis嫩茎叶的营养成分,为其作为新型木本蔬菜开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】以中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园星油藤基地种植的星油藤嫩茎叶为供试材料,采用恒温干燥法测定其水分含量,使用Kjeltec 8400全自动定氮仪、S433D全自动氨基酸分析仪和Optima 8000等离子体发射光谱仪等对星油藤嫩茎叶的粗蛋白、膳食纤维、可溶性糖、灰分、游离氨基酸以及矿质元素等营养成分的含量进行测定,并与一些常见蔬菜进行比较。【结果】星油藤嫩茎叶的营养成分多样且丰富,粗蛋白质、膳食纤维、可溶性糖和灰分分别占样品干质量的30.75%、42.55%、8.42%和8.57%,其中,粗蛋白质和膳食纤维的含量明显高于菠菜、花椰菜、卷心菜芽和辣木茎叶等蔬菜。在星油藤嫩茎叶中共检测出了16种游离氨基酸,其中有6种必需氨基酸,总氨基酸和必需氨基酸的含量分别达到28.64和7.62 g/kg,均高于菠菜和芝麻芽。此外,星油藤嫩茎叶还含有丰富的矿质元素,其中K含量最高,达到12.35 g/kg,而Na含量较低,具有高钾低钠的营养特性。星油藤嫩茎叶的钙含量为8.33 g/kg,明显高于菠菜、花椰菜和卷心菜芽等。【结论】星油藤嫩茎叶营养丰富,具有高蛋白、高膳食纤维、高钾、高钙和低钠的营养特性,可作为一种新型茎叶类木本蔬菜资源进行开发利用。
【Objective】To provide a reference basis for developing a new vegetable variety,nutrient components in tender stems and leaves of Plukenetia volubilis were determined and analyzed.【Method】The tender stems and leaves of P.volubilis grown in a plantation base at Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences were used as materials.The basic nutrients such as crude protein,dietary fiber,soluble sugar,ash,free amino acids,and mineral elements were detected by a series of instruments and methods,respectively,and the contents of these nutrients were compared with those of the other common vegetables.【Result】The nutrients in the tender stems and leaves were abundant and various,and the average contents of crude protein,soluble sugars,dietary fiber and ash were 30.75%,42.55%,8.42%,and 8.57%of dry mass of tender stems and leaves,respectively.The contents of crude protein and dietary fiber were significantly higher than those of spinach,cauliflower,and cabbage sprouts.Sixteen free amino acids(AAs),including 6 essential amino acids(EAAs)were detected,and the total content of AAs and EAAs reached to 28.64 and 7.62 g/kg,respectively,which were higher than those of spinach and sesame sprouts.Moreover,high levels of mineral elements were detected,and potassium(K)was the most abundant mineral in tender stems and leaves of P.volubilis,with an average of 12.35 g/kg.The content of sodium(Na)was very low.Thus,P.volubilis has the characteristics of high potassium and low sodium.Calcium content reached up to 8.33 g/kg,which was higher than that of spinach,cauliflower,and cabbage sprouts.【Conclusion】The tender stems and leaves of P.volubilis contained abundant and various nutrients,showing the nutritional properties of high contents of protein,dietary fiber,potassium,and calcium,and of low contents of sodium.Therefore,the tender stems and leaves of P.volubilis have great application value and potential to be used as a new stem and leafy woody vegetable.
作者
冯程
朱阅
张甜甜
白雪
何惠英
潘帮珍
付乾堂
徐增富
FENG Cheng;ZHU Yue;ZHANG Tiantian;BAI Xue;HE Huiying;PAN Bangzhen;FU Qiantang;XU Zengfu(Innovative Academy of Seed Design,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Mengla 666303,Yunnan,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Mengla 666303,Yunnan,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China;State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2021年第2期97-103,共7页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870291)
云南省自然科学基金项目(2016FB051)
中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园一三五项目(2017XTBG-T02)。
关键词
星油藤
嫩茎叶
营养成分
氨基酸
矿质元素
Plukenetia volubilis
tender stems and leaves
nutrients
amino acids
mineral elements
