摘要
随着"绿色发展"理念的不断深入,不断加强的正式环境规制力度促进了环境的改善,但不同地区的改善程度却不尽相同,人力资本水平的差异是主要影响因素之一。本文剖析了正式环境规制、人力资本、绿色全要素生产率之间的传导机理,选取2003—2016年中国省际面板数据,分别构建一般面板模型、面板门槛模型,实证了正式环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的影响以及这一过程中存在的人力资本门槛效应,得出如下结论:第一,在全国样本正式环境规制因未跨过人力资本门槛而对绿色全要素生产率影响并不显著,在东中西分样本区间具有正向显著影响,但显著程度、影响程度并不相同,整体而言,正式环境规制对促进各地区绿色全要素生产率提升的程度不同;第二,人力资本在正式环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的影响中具有门槛效应,当人力资本积累没有跨过门槛值时,正式环境规制无法促进绿色全要素生产率的提升,与一般面板回归全国样本不显著结果契合;当人力资本一旦跨过门槛值,正式环境规制就能显著地促进绿色全要素生产率的提升,截至2016年仅有北京、天津、上海跨越这一门槛。进一步研究发现,人力资本可通过减小资本要素错配程度提高绿色全要素生产率。据此提出相关政策建议,一是地方政府应制定与当地人力资本水平相匹配的正式环境规制政策;二是加大人力资本投资力度,为人才创造发挥的平台,健全人才激励机制,增加人力资本投资回报率;三是充分发挥正式环境规制的作用,优化资源配置,减少要素错配程度,以促进绿色全要素生产率不断提升。
As the concept of ‘green development’ continues to grow, the strengthening of formal environmental regulations has contributed to the improvement of the environment, but the degree of improvement varies across regions, and the difference in the level of human capital is one of the main influencing factors. This paper dissects the transmission mechanism among formal environmental regulation, human capital, and green total factor productivity, and selects inter-provincial panel data in China from 2003 to 2016, constructs general panel models and panel threshold models to empirically demonstrate the impact of formal environmental regulation on green total factor productivity and the existence of human capital threshold effect in this process, and draws the following conclusions: First, in the national sample formal environmental regulation does not have a significant impact on green total factor productivity because it does not cross the human capital threshold, and has a positive and significant impact between the East and West sub-sample areas, but the degree of significance and impact is not the same, and overall, formal environmental regulation has different degrees of promoting green total factor productivity in each region;Second, human capital has a threshold effect in the effect of formal environmental regulation on green total factor productivity;when human capital accumulation does not cross the threshold, formal environmental regulation cannot promote green total factor productivity, which is consistent with the insignificant result of the general panel regression national sample;once human capital crosses the threshold, formal environmental regulation can significantly promote green total factor productivity, and only Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai have crossed this threshold as of 2016. Further study finds that human capital can improve green total factor productivity by reducing the degree of capital-factor mismatch. Accordingly, relevant policy recommendations are proposed, first, local government
作者
王鹏
郭淑芬
Wang Peng;Guo Shufen
出处
《宏观经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期155-169,共15页
Macroeconomics
基金
国家社科基金“新使命驱动下黄河流域创新生态系统的绿色转向与协同演化研究”(20BJY040)的资助。
关键词
正式环境规制
人力资本
绿色全要素生产率
Formal environmental regulation
Human capital
Green total factor productivity
