摘要
目的探讨双耳高频平均听阈与噪声作业女工高血压的关系,了解双耳高频平均听阈作为噪声作业女工发生高血压风险内效应指标的应用意义。方法于2018年1至12月,采取整群抽样的方法,将广州市的20882名在岗噪声作业女工纳入研究,收集其纯音测听值、血压、年龄及工龄等信息。运用趋势χ^(2)检验评估接触噪声工龄和双耳高频平均听阈对血压的影响,运用二元logistic回归模型评估接触噪声工龄和双耳高频平均听阈相关的高血压风险。结果噪声作业女工双耳高频平均听阈正常听力检出率为80.73%(16858/20882),高频轻度听力损失检出率为16.21%(3384/20882),高频重度听力损失检出率为3.06%(640/20882)。正常听力组中高血压患病率为6.04%(1018/16858),高频轻度听力损失患者中高血压患病率为10.28%(348/3384),高频重度听力损失患者中高血压患病率为11.25%(72/640)。随着接触噪声工龄和双耳高频平均听阈增加,收缩压和舒张压呈升高趋势(P<0.05)。与接触噪声工龄<1年组比较,7~9年和≥9年组女工发生高血压风险均下降(OR=0.79、0.75,P<0.05);与正常听力组比较,高频轻度听力损失组发生高血压风险增加(OR=1.31,P<0.05)。结论噪声作业女工双耳高频平均听阈增加可能导致血压水平和高血压风险增加,应重点关注高频轻度听力损失女工。
Objective To explore the relationship between the binaural high-frequency mean hearing threshold and the hypertension of female workers exposed to noise,and to understand the application significance of the binaural high-frequency mean hearing threshold as an internal effect indicator of the risk of hypertension in female workers exposed to noise.Methods From January to December 2018,a total of 20882 female workers exposed to noise in Guangzhou were selected by cluster sampling.Pure tone audiometry,blood pressure,age and length of service were collected.Trend test was used to evaluate the effects of exposure to noise and binaural high-frequency mean hearing threshold on blood pressure.Binary logistic regression model was used to evaluate the risk of hypertension associated with exposure to noise and binaural high-frequency mean hearing threshold.Results The detection rate of normal hearing threshold,mild hearing loss and severe hearing loss was 80.73%(16858/20882),16.21%(3384/20882)and 3.06%(640/20882)respectively.The prevalence of hypertension was 6.04%(1018/16858)in normal hearing group,10.28%(348/3384)in patients with high frequency mild hearing loss,and 11.25%(72/640)in patients with high frequency severe hearing loss.There was a linear relationship between the increase of working age and high-frequency mean hearing threshold and the increase of systolic and diastolic blood pressure(P<0.05).Compared with those exposed to noise for less than 1 year,the risk of hypertension in female workers with 7-9 years and more than 9 years was decreased(OR=0.79,0.75,P<0.05).Compared with normal hearing group,the risk of hypertension in high frequency mild hearing loss group was increased(OR=1.31,P<0.05).Conclusion The increase in the binaural high-frequency mean hearing threshold of female workers exposed to noise can increase the blood pressure level and the risk of hypertension,and attention should be paid to female workers with high-frequency mild hearing loss.
作者
郭静宜
董光辉
荣幸
罗汉城
刘移民
Guo Jingyi;Dong Guanghui;Rong Xing;Luo Hancheng;Liu Yimin(School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China;Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital,Guangzhou 510620,China;Guangzhou Emergency Management Bureau,Guangzhou 510060,China)
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期354-358,共5页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
关键词
听阈
噪声
职业性
听力损失
高血压
工龄
比值比
趋势分析
Auditory threshold
Noise,occupational
Hearing loss
Hypertension
Working age
Odds ratio
Trend analysis
