摘要
为了探究地膜覆盖对青海东部旱作农业区春油菜的增产效应,文中采用大田对比试验设计,分析比较了露地和覆膜种植条件下春油菜产量、土壤硝态氮含量和土壤含水量的差异。结果表明:(1)覆膜处理春油菜产量较露地处理提高13.78%;(2)地膜覆盖后随着土壤水分的增加,20〜40cm土层硝态氮含量增加2.73mg/kg,与露地相比,地膜覆盖可以加速20〜40cm土层硝态氮的释放,更有利于旱地春油菜对土壤矿质氮素的吸收;(3)覆膜处理春油菜水分利用率较露地处理提高19.54%,覆膜种植20〜40cm土层平均含水量较露地种植增加19.19%。地膜覆盖通过较高的水、氮调控促进了春油菜的生长和产量的形成,具有显著的增产效应。
In order to explore the yield-increasing effects of plastic film mulching on the spring rape in the dry farming region of eastern Qinghai,field test is designed in this paper to compare the differences of spring rape yield,soil nitrate nitrogen content and soil water content under the open field and plastic film mulching.The results show that:(1)The yield of spring rape under the plastic film mulching is 13.78%higher than that under the open field.(2)The content of nitrate nitrogen in 20〜40 cm soil layer increases by 2.73 mg/kg with the increase of soil moisture.Using plastic film mulching can accelerate the release of nitrate nitrogen in 20〜40 cm soil layer compared with the open field,which is more conducive to the absorption of soil mineral nitrogen by spring rape in dryland.(3)Water use efficiency of spring rape under the plastic film mulching is 19.54%higher than that under the open field,and the average water content of 20〜40 cm soil layer under the plastic film mulching is 19.19%higher than that under the open field.The growth and yield formation of spring rape are promoted by plastic film mulching through higher regulation of water and nitrogen,which shows great yield-increasing effects.
作者
许显虹
胥婷婷
张洋
王明文
张荣
侯万宏
XU Xianhong;XU Tingting;ZHANG Yang;WANG Mingwen;ZHANG Rong;HOU Wanhong(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Guinan Grass Industry Development Company Ltd.,Guinan 813100,China)
出处
《青海大学学报》
2021年第3期61-66,87,共7页
Journal of Qinghai University
基金
青海省科学技术厅重大科技成果转化专项(2019-NK-A11)。
关键词
旱作区
地膜覆盖
土壤水分
土壤硝态氮
春油菜产量
dry farming region
plastic film mulching
soil moisture
soil nitrate nitrogen
yield of spring rape
