摘要
海鞘是一种典型的海洋污损生物,其在幼虫期可以通过头部前端的乳突结构快速并暂时性的附着于水下基质表面,之后相继发育出壶腹、黏附突起、匍匐枝等特异性黏附器官,实现成体的永久性黏附。从生物学角度看,这些特化的器官及其涉及的复杂黏附与调控机制给海洋生物污损治理带来了巨大挑战,但从材料学角度上看,海鞘黏附机制为水凝胶或高效防污表面等新型仿生材料的研发带来了新的思路。本文全面综述了海鞘幼体和成体两个阶段的黏附特征和机制,以及海鞘生物污损防控与仿生材料应用研究进展,并针对海鞘生物黏附研究领域存在的问题,从黏附组织器官的研究拓展、黏附蛋白质的鉴定与分析、特异性抗海鞘黏附材料设计、基于分子层面的海鞘黏附仿生研究等方面提出未来发展建议,旨在为抗污损及仿生材料的研发提供参考。
Ascidians as a typical marine fouling organisms can rapidly attach to the surface of underwater substrate temporarily by means of papillae during larvae,and subsequently developed successively to reach permanent adhesion via ampulla,adhesive projection and stolon.The special adhesive organs and associated complex mechanisms make it difficult to develop antifouling strategies against these species.However,it also brings new ideas for the development of novel hydrogels or effective antifouling surfaces.Here,we review the mechanisms of biological adhesion at larval and adult stages in ascidians,and summarize the existing research on antifouling and biomimetics.The research progresses are suggested including adhesive organs,identification and analysis of adhesive proteins,designing specific materials for preventing adhesion of ascidians,and biomimetic research of ascidians based on the molecular level to provide theoretical reference for further studies on the adhesion mechanism of marine organisms and the development of antifouling strategies and bionic materials.
作者
程佳威
李世国
李茜
战爱斌
CHENG Jiawei;LI Shiguo;LI Xi;ZHAN Aibin(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期524-534,共11页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
国家自然科学基金(42076098,31772449)
中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2018054)。
关键词
海鞘
生物污损
生物黏附
抗污损
仿生
ascidians
biofouling
bioadhesion
antifouling
bionic
