摘要
利用2015-2019年冬季柯桥区域站气象监测数据和丹家雪凇(雾凇)景观观测等资料,从气象条件、地形特点分析冬季气象景观形成特征及其成因。结果表明,丹家每年冬季均有气象景观出现,但年际变化、月际变化特征较明显,主要表现为1月出现的概率高于2月和12月,这与温、湿、风、雨等气象要素密切相关。冬季气象景观的形成对气温的要求严苛,日平均气温需低于1.0℃、日最低气温需低于-0.5℃,日最高气温需低于5.0℃;高湿度是冬季气象景观形成和维持的必备条件,形成阶段日平均相对湿度需超过99%,且形成当日或前1 d均有降水过程;维持阶段保持95%以上的高湿度即可;形成阶段需满足静风微风条件(平均风力≤3级,最大风力≤4级),并得出北风转为偏南风、平均风及最大风风力≥4级、极大风力≥5级等是冬季气象景观消融的关键性指标。
Using the meteorological monitoring data of Keqiao Regional Station and the snow rime(rime)landscape observation data of Danjia in winter during 2015-2019,the formation characteristics and causes of the winter meteorological landscape were analyzed from the meteorological conditions and topographic characteristics.The results show that Danjia had a meteorological landscape every winter,but the characteristics of inter-annual and inter-month changes were more obvious.The main manifestation was that the probability of occurrence in January was higher than that in February and December,which was closely related to meteorological elements such as temperature,humidity,wind and rain.The formation of the meteorological landscape in winter had strict requirements on temperature.The daily average temperature must be below 1℃,the daily minimum temperature must be below-0.5℃,and the daily maximum temperature must be below 5℃;high humidity was a prerequisite for the formation and maintenance of the winter meteorological landscape.The daily average relative humidity during the formation phase must exceed 99%,and there will be precipitation on the day of formation or the first 1 day;high humidity above 95%is sufficient for the maintenance phase.The formation stage needs to meet the conditions of static breeze(average wind≤3,maximum wind≤4),and it was concluded that the northerly wind turns to the southerly wind,the average wind and the maximum wind force≥4,and the maximum wind≥5 were the key indicators for the ablation of the winter meteorological landscape.
作者
周弘媛
杨欣洁
周晓燕
包君俏
ZHOU Hong-yuan;YANG Xin-jie;ZHOU Xiao-yan(Meteorological Bureau of Keqiao District,Shaoxing City,Zhejiang Province,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2021年第11期198-200,223,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
雪凇(雾凇)
气象条件
特征
成因
冬季
柯桥丹家
Snow rime(rime)
Meteorological conditions
Characteristics
Causes
Winter
Danjia in Keqiao
