摘要
汉语物象词语中的异名同指是一种词义类聚现象。物象词语中异名同指的构成差异,主要表现为语素选用及组合差异、附加色彩差异(包括感情色彩、语体色彩、地域色彩和外来色彩)、音节区间不对称的词长差异,以及组员数量的多寡差异等方面。异名同指物象词语的生成动因主要有三:一是来自国人的求新心理驱动,二是满足不同附加色彩的语用表达驱动,三是受到语素替换、语序变化和词语简缩等语言演进的驱动。至于物象词语中异名同指的形成机制,与来自认知主体方面的制约有关系,主要表现为认知主体的视点差异、体验差异和加工差异。此外,物象词语中异名同指是历时演变并在共时平面上表现出来的结果。
Different names with the same reference in Chinese physical shape words and phrases is a phenomenon of semantic clustering,the differences of which are mainly manifested in the following aspects as the difference in choice and combination of in composition of morphemes,the difference in additional colors(including emotional color,stylistic color,regional color and foreign color),the difference in word length of syllable interval asymmetry,and the difference in number of members.There are three major motivations for the generating of these words and phrases with the first as being driven by people's innovation psychology,the second as being driven by the pragmatic expressions satisfying different additional colors,and the third as being driven by the language evolution such as morpheme replacement,change of word order as well as simplification of words.As for the formation mechanism of the physical shape words and phrases of different names with the same reference,it is related to the constraints from the cognitive subjects,mainly manifested as perspective difference,experience difference and processing difference of the cognitive subjects.In addition,the physical shape words and phrases of different names with the same reference is the result of the synchronic manifestation of diachronic evolution.
作者
吴汉江
WU Hanjiang(School of Literature,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou Jiangsu 215009)
出处
《苏州科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2021年第3期88-95,108,共9页
Journal of Suzhou University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“语言类型学视野下的汉语物象词语研究”(17YJA740055)。
关键词
汉语物象词语
异名同指
差异
形成机制
Chinese physical shape words and phrases
different names with the same reference
difference
generating mechanism
