摘要
近年来,中国各地特别是长江三角洲、京津冀和珠江三角洲等地区爆发了大规模的雾霾事件,雾霾污染已经成为学术界研究的热点和百姓的痛点问题。高浓度的大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染是引发雾霾形成的关键因素。有机污染物是PM2.5的重要成分,雾霾组成复杂,包含许多有毒物质,严重影响人体健康和大气环境质量。质谱是目前从分子水平研究有机污染物化学组成的有力的工具,利用质谱技术研究有机污染物的化学组成,可为研究雾霾形成机理、解析污染源以及化石燃料的使用对雾霾形成影响等相关研究提供理论依据。在高中化学教学过程中,可向学生展示用质谱分析雾霾化学组成的过程,揭开雾霾的神秘面纱,引导学生建立利用质谱手段从微观水平探索实际问题的科学思维,激发化学学习的兴趣,培养“宏观辩识与微观探析”“科学态度与社会责任”的化学学科核心素养,激发学生探索未知科学领域并致力解决人类发展面临问题的兴趣。
In recent years,large scale haze events have erupted in various parts of China,especially in the Yangtze River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,and Pearl River Delta.Haze pollution has become a hot topic in academia and a pain point for people.High concentration of atmospheric fine particulate matters(PM2.5)pollution is the key factor of haze formation.Organic pollutants are important components of PM2.5.They contain many toxic substances,and seriously affect human healthy and atmospheric environment quality.Currently,mass spectrometry is the most powerful tool for analyzing the composition of organic pollutants at the molecular level.Characterization the molecular composition of organic pollutants can provide a theoretical basis for haze formation mechanism,pollution source analysis and the contribution of fossil fuels to haze formation.In the process of high school chemistry teaching,students can be shown the process of analyzing the chemical composition of haze by mass spectrometry,revealing the chemical composition of haze,and guiding students to establish scientific thinking of exploring practical problems from the micro level by mass spectrometry,cultivate core chemical literacy of“macro identification and micro analysis”and“scientific attitude and social responsibility”,stimulate students to explore unknown scientific fields and to strive to solve the development problems faced by human beings.
作者
任丽敏
陈晓峰
何亚龙
REN Li-min;CHEN Xiao-feng;HE Ya-long(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Huanggang Normal University,Huanggang 438000,Hubei,China;Huanggang High School of Hubei Provience,Huanggang 438000,Hubei,China;Qichun NO.1 Senior Middle School,Qichun 435300,Hubei,China)
出处
《黄冈师范学院学报》
2021年第3期86-90,100,共6页
Journal of Huanggang Normal University
基金
黄冈师范学院博士基金项目(2042020015)。
关键词
雾霾
质谱
大气细颗粒物
化学核心素养
haze
mass spectrometry
fine particle matters
chemical literacy
