摘要
为了评价新疆地区潜在风蚀能力及沙漠化演化特征,利用新疆地区41个地面气象站点的观测资料,计算了1969—2019年新疆地区的风蚀气候侵蚀力。采用气候倾向率、Mann-Kendall(M-K)检验、地统计学分析等方法,探讨了该地区风蚀气候侵蚀力的时空变化特征及突变性。结果表明:(1)近50 a新疆全区风蚀气候侵蚀力呈显著的波动式下降趋势(p<0.01),年递减速率为1.14,不同区域C值变化特征不同,北疆和南疆地区的C值均在2012年左右出现回升趋势。(2)C值具有明显的季节性,春季最高,夏季次之,冬季最低,最小值出现在1月,5月达到最大值。(3)全区风蚀气候因子指数总体呈现从东向西递减,从南向北递增的空间格局,随着时间推移,全区风蚀等级均有所下降,极重侵蚀区范围不断缩小,仅分布在阿拉山口和准东地区与吐哈盆地交界处。(4)新疆地区的C值在1993年开始突变,同年进入显著下降趋势;南疆和北疆地区的C值分别在1975年和1998年开始突变,且分别在1976年和2006年进入显著下降趋势;东疆地区的C值在1979年以后显著下降,无突变。总体来看,全疆风蚀范围较广,以微度或轻度侵蚀为主,极重度风蚀区的风速明显高于其他地区,说明风蚀气候侵蚀力的大小与风速有明显的关系。
In order to evaluate the potential wind erosion capacity and the evolutionary characteristics of desertification in Xinjiang,we calculated the wind erosion climatic erosion force in Xinjiang from 1969 to 2019 using observations from 41 ground-based meteorological stations in the Xinjiang.The spatial-temporal characteristics of erosivity of wind erosion climate in Xinjiang were discussed by means of climate tendency rate,Mann Kendall(M-K)test and geostatistical analysis.The results show that:(1)in recent 50 years,the erosivity of wind erosion climate in Xinjiang showed a significant fluctuating downward trend(p<0.01),the decreasing rate was 1.14 per year,and the C values in different regions were different;the C values in northern and southern Xinjiang showed a rising trend around 2012;(2)C value had obvious seasonal characteristics,the highest value showed in spring,the higher value in summer,the lowest value in winter,the minimum value appeared in January and reached the maximum value in May;(3)the wind erosion climate factor index in the whole region showed a spatial pattern of decreasing from east to west and increasing from south to north;with the passage of time,the grade of wind erosion in the whole region had decreased,and the scope of extremely heavy erosion area shrinked,only distributed in Alashankou,junction between Zhundong area and Turpan-Hami basin;(4)the climatic factors of wind erosion in Xinjiang began to change in 1993,and entered a significant downward trend in the same year;they began to mutate in southern and northern Xinjiang in 1975 and 1998,respectively,and entered a significant downward trend in 1976 and 2006,respectively,and decreased significantly in eastern Xinjiang after 1979 without mutation.In general,wind erosion widespread throughout the territory and was dominated by slight or mild erosion.The wind speed in the area of very heavy wind erosion was significantly higher than that in other areas,indicating that there was an obvious relationship between the magnitude of wind erosion c
作者
王雅琴
范文波
许忠宇
董倩倩
魏建涛
李长晓
WANG Yaqin;FAN Wenbo;XU Zhongyu;DONG Qianqian;WEI Jiantao;LI Changxiao(College of Water&Architecture Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production&Construction Group,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;College of Science,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期22-28,共7页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金(51569028)
中国工程院咨询研究项目(2018-XY-36-2)。
关键词
新疆
风蚀气候因子
时空变化
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
climatic factors of wind erosion
spatiotemporal variation
