摘要
新疆地形和气候复杂,沙源丰富,风力强劲,风沙活动频繁,风沙灾害是工程建设和经济发展的重要威胁。风沙环境致灾潜力评价可指导沙区工程建设和防沙方案制定,是灾害应急管理的一项重要基础工作。本文选用土壤有机碳含量、土壤水含量、土壤沙含量、土地利用类型、植被指数、降水量、潜在蒸散发量和合成输沙势8个指标,分析2001—2020年新疆风沙环境致灾潜力的时间变化与空间分异。结果表明:(1)新疆风沙环境致灾潜力具有明显的季节变化特征,夏季、秋季、春季、冬季的致灾潜力值大于3的面积逐渐增加。2月和11月的致灾潜力值较低。(2)风沙环境致灾潜力呈东高西低、山区低平原高的空间分布特征,高值区位于塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、吐鲁番盆地等沙物质丰富且风动力较强的区域,低值区主要分布在山区、绿洲及河流沿岸等植被覆盖度高的区域。(3)2001—2020年,新疆风沙环境致灾潜力年均值呈先上升后下降的变化过程。整体的变化趋势较为稳定,稳定不变、轻微改善和轻微加剧的像元数占比分别为84.4%、14.72%和0.87%。
Xinjiang has complex topography and climate,abundant sand sources,strong wind,and frequent sandstorm activities.Sandstorm disasters are an important threat to engineering construction and economic development.The assessment of the hazard potential of the wind blown sand environment can guide the construction of sand area projects and the formulation of sand control plans,and is an important basic work for disaster emergency management.In this paper,eight indicators including soil organic carbon content,soil water content,soil sand content,land use type,vegetation index,precipitation,evapotranspiration and resultant drift potential are selected to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of hazard potential of wind blown sand environment in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2020.Results show that:(1)The hazard potential of the wind blown sand environment in Xinjiang has obvious seasonal variation characteristics,and the area with the hazard potential value greater than 3 gradually increases in summer,autumn,spring and winter.Lower hazard potential values in February and November.(2)The hazard potential of wind blown sand environment shows the spatial distribution characteristics of high in the east and low in the west,low in mountainous areas and high in the plain.High value regions are located in Tarim Basin,Junggar basin,Turpan Basin and other regions with abundant sand and strong wind power.Low value regions are mainly distributed in areas with high vegetation coverage,such as mountains,oases and river banks.(3)From 2001 to 2020,the annual average value of the hazard potential of wind blown sand environment in Xinjiang showed a change process of first rising and then declining.The overall change trend is relatively stable,and the proportion of pixels that are stable,slightly improved and slightly intensified is 84.4%,14.72%and 0.87%respectively.The research results can provide an important reference for the layout and decision-making of economic and social development in windy and sandy areas in Xinjiang.
作者
赵亚洲
李生宇
王世杰
范敬龙
吴燕
Zhao Yazhou;Li Shengyuabcd;Wang Shijieabd;Fan Jinglongabd;Wu Yan(National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Mosuowan Desert Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Taklimakan Desert Research Station,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;The Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830011,China)
出处
《中国沙漠》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期274-283,共10页
Journal of Desert Research
基金
第三次新疆综合科学考察课题(2021xjkk0305)。
关键词
风沙环境
致灾潜力
时空变化
新疆
wind blown sand environment
hazard potential
temporal and spatial changes
Xinjiang
