摘要
为了给黄淮冬麦区北片小麦育种提供参考,对2011—2020年黄淮北片水地组区试289个品种的产量及主要农艺性状变化趋势进行研究,并进行相关性和通径分析。结果表明,近10年黄淮北片水地区试品种产量较高,整体呈上升趋势;主要农艺性状的变化总趋势是有效穗数、千粒重、容重以及株高增加,穗粒数减少,生育期缩短,最大分蘖数变化不明显。产量与千粒重等7个主要农艺性状均呈显著或极显著正相关,相关系数表现为千粒重>容重>生育期>株高>最大分蘖数>穗粒数>有效穗数;产量构成三要素两两之间负相关。千粒重等5个主要农艺性状对产量的直接效应均为正向,直接贡献率依次为千粒重>有效穗数>穗粒数>容重>生育期。因此,为适应黄淮北片气候条件和栽培管理的变化,宜选育生育期适当缩短、灌浆时间长且速率快、结实性好、茎秆弹性好、有效穗数650万/hm^(2)以上、穗粒数35粒左右、千粒重45 g以上、株高75~82 cm的小麦新品种。
In order to provide references for wheat breeding in the north Huanghe-Huaihe region,the grain yield and agronomic traits of 289 wheat varieties or lines sampled from the wheat region tests in this region from 2011 to 2020 were studied,and the correlation analysis and path analysis were conducted.The results showed that the grain yield of the tested varieties or lines had reached a higher level in the recent 10 years,and it was on the rise overall.The varation trends of the main agronomic traits were that the number of effective spikes,1000-grain weight,volume weight and plant height increased,the grain number per spike decreased,the growth period shortened,and the change of the maximum tiller number was not obvious.The grain yield had significant or very significant correlations with 7 main agronomic traits such as 1000-grain weight,and the correlation coefficients showed as 1000-grain weight>volume weight>growth period>plant height>the maximum tiller number>grain number per spike>number of effective spikes.There were negative correlations between the three yield components.The direct effects on yield of 5 main agronomic such as 1000-grain weight were all positive with the direct contribution rate as 1000-grain weight>number of effective spikes>grain number per spike>volume weight>growth period.In order to adapt to the variation of climate and cultivation management conditions in the north Huanghe-Huaihe River Region,we should select the wheat varieties with shorter growth period,longer grain filling period,faster grain filling rate,good fecundity,elastic and lodging-resistant stem,more than 6.5 million spikes per hectare,about 35 grains per spike,more than 45 g of 1000-grain weight and 75~82 cm of plant height.
作者
陈贵菊
闫璐
王福玉
邵敏敏
黄玲
赵凯
杨本洲
张玉丹
孙雷明
王霖
Chen Guiju;Yan Lu;Wang Fuyu;Shao Minmin;Huang Ling;Zhao Kai;Yang Benzhou;Zhang Yudan;Sun Leiming;Wang lin(Jining Academy of Agricultral Sciences,Jining 272031,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2021年第5期142-148,共7页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0100605)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-01-17)
山东省农业良种工程项目(2019LZGC016,2019LZGC001)。
关键词
冬小麦
黄淮北片
区试
产量
农艺性状
Winter wheat
The north Huanghe-Huaihe River Region
Regional test
Yield
Agronomic traits
