摘要
目的分析承德市双滦区近五年中、小学生近视现状,为相关部门制定儿童少年健康工作方案提供科学依据。方法采取以学校为单位的整群抽样方式,采用"E"国际标准对数视力表,对辖区内所有在校中、小学生进行裸眼视力筛查,再运用Excel表格整理相关数据,采用R软件,对近视的各种相关因素——城乡、性别、学龄、年龄等进行分析。结果2014-2018年五年间,全区小学受检人数56804人,其中视力不良23349人,近视率41.10%;初中受检人数18271人,其中视力不良11908人,近视率65.17%。在检出的近视人员中,呈现如下特点:(1)城市小学生近视率高于农村学生(P<0.05,差异有统计学意义);(2)女生近视率高于男生(P<0.05,差异有统计学意义);(3)近视程度随年龄、学龄的增长而升高(P<0.05,差异有统计学意义)。结论承德市双滦区中小学近视检出率逐年上升,并随着年龄、学龄的增长而不断增加,城乡差异、性别差异明显,有关部门应加大防控力度。
Objective To analyze current situation of myopia of middle and primary school students in Shuangluan District,Chengde City recently,and to provide scientific basis for competent authorities to develop work plans for children and adolescents.Methods The cluster sampling method measured in the school and"E"international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart were used to implement naked eye vision screenings on all middle and primary school students within the jurisdiction;Excel sheets were used to arrange the relevant data,R software was applied to analyze related factors of myopia-urban or rural area,gender,school age,age,etc.Results A total of 56804 primary school students were tested within five years from 2014 to 2018,and 23349 children were found to suffer from poor eyesight with the myopia rate of 41.10%;18271 students from junior high schools were tested,and 11908 students were found to suffer from poor eyesight with the myopia rate of 65.17%.The tested myopia subjects were presented with the following features:(1)The myopia rate of urban primary school students was higher than that of rural students(P<0.05,statistically significant difference).(2)The myopia rate of girls was higher than that of boys(P<0.05,statistically significant difference).(3)The degree of myopia rose with the increase in the age and school age(P<0.05,statistically significant difference).Conclusion The positive rate of myopia of students from primary and secondary schools in Shuangluan District is increasing year by year with the increase in the age and school age,the difference in urban-rural areas and gender is evident,hence competent authorities are advised to tighten the force for prevention and control.
作者
王岩
张桂秀
陈志强
李雁飞
刘哲
张天然
苏丹
胡亚娟
WANG Yan;ZHANG Gui-xiu;CHEN Zhi-qiang;LI Yan-fei;LIU Zhe;ZHANG Tian-ran;SU Dan;HU Ya-juan(Handan Central Blood Station,Hebei 067000,China;不详)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2021年第2期139-142,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
2019年度河北省中央转移支付疾控类项目(冀卫疾控函[2020]18号)。
关键词
中小学生
近视
流行病学
影响因素
城乡差异
分析
Primary and middle school tudents
Myopia
Epidemiology
Influencing factor
Urban-rual difference
Analysis
