摘要
秋子梨是我国东北寒地主要的梨栽培种类,但关于其品质、酚类成分及生物活性的研究较少。选取6个秋子梨品种,对其果皮和果肉中的主要化学成分(糖、有机酸、酚类)及生物活性(抗氧化、抗炎和抑菌效果)进行分析和比较。结果表明:不同品种和部位(果皮和果肉)的化学成分差异显著。果皮的酚类含量、抗氧化能力和抑菌效果明显高于果肉,而糖含量则相反。南果梨的果实糖含量最高,京白梨的果皮中有机酸含量最高,尖把梨的果实中黄烷醇和槲皮素衍生物含量最高,而安梨果实则含有丰富的异鼠李素衍生物。试验共鉴定出16种酚类物质,包括羟基肉桂酸、对苯二酚、黄烷醇、黄酮醇和花青素(仅在果皮中)。不同品种的果皮总酚含量为354.18~1190.14mg·kg^(-1),果肉总酚含量为28.27~182.11mg·kg^(-1),而总酚和总黄酮含量较高的品种也具有较高的抗氧化活性。抗炎活性研究表明,果皮和果肉提取物均具有较强的活性,与标准药物双氯芬酸钠活性接近。抑菌试验表明,尖把梨和红花盖的果实提取物具有较强的抑菌活性。研究结果可为秋子梨的资源应用和功能性食品研发提供参考。
Pyrus ussuriensis is the main pear cultivated in the northeast of China,but there are few studies on its quality,phenolic composition and biological activity.In this study,six Pyrus ussuriensis cultivars were selected to analyze and compare the main chemical components(sugars,organic acids,phenolics)and biological activities(antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial)in the peel and flesh.The results showed:The chemical composition differed among cultivars and tissue sources.The phenolic content,antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial effect of the peel was significantly higher than that of the flesh,while the sugar content was the opposite.Nanguo pear had the highest total sugar content,Jianba pear fruit had the highest content of flavanol and quercetin derivatives,and Jingbai pear had the highest organic acid content.The difference between Anli and other varieties had the highest concentration of isorhamnetin derivatives.Sixteen phenolic compounds were identified,including hydroxycinnamic acid,hydroquinone,flavanols,flavonols and anthocyanins(only in the peel).The total phenolic content in the peel was 354.18-1190.14mg·kg^(-1),and the total phenolic content in the flesh is 28.26-182.11mg·kg^(-1).In addition,varieties with higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents had higher antioxidant activity.Anti-inflammatory activity studies have shown that both peel and flesh extracts had strong activity,which is comparable to the standard anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium.The antimicrobial results showed that the fruit extracts of Jianba and honghuagai have strong antimicrobial activity.The results of this study can provide references for resource application and functional food development of Pyrus ussuriensis cultivars.
作者
曹晓云
刘永富
石娟华
刘畅
王强
张茂君
汪晓谦
杜国栋
CAO Xiao-yun;LIU Yong-fu;SHI Juan-hua;LIU Chang;WANG Qiang;ZHANG Mao-jun;WANG Xiao-qian;DU Guo-dong(College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Yongnian County,Handan Hebei 057150,China;Institute of Pomology,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling Jilin 136100,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期145-152,共8页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
国家梨产业技术体系项目(CARS-28)
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-MS-276)。
关键词
秋子梨
酚类
糖
有机酸
生物活性
Pyrus ussuriensis
phenolics
sugar
organic acid
biological activity
