摘要
目的分析江苏省某非煤矿山井下近20年的矽尘浓度变化趋势,为今后江苏省非煤矿山职工的职业安全防护相关政策的制定提供参考。方法回顾性调查华东某非煤矿山1991—1999年和2011—2019年2个时间段内采矿场井下作业矽尘数据,通过Excel和SPSS 19.0软件进行数据的统计分析。结果选择1991—1999年井下矽尘监测点10 627个,2011—2019年井下矽尘监测点10 317个,1991—1999年井下各年平均矽尘浓度整体均高于2001—2019年;1991—1999年井下矽尘浓度超标率整体高于2011—2019年;1991—1999年采掘和运输平台矽尘浓度均高于2011—2019年,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。1993年之前井下平均矽尘浓度较高,矽尘浓度超标率较高;1993年以后,井下矽尘浓度和超标率大幅下降。2013年以后井下矽尘浓度超标率逐年上升,且在2017年达到顶峰(超标率达45%)。1991—1999年和2011—2019年采掘平台矽尘浓度整体均高于运输平台,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论井下矽尘浓度整体呈下降趋势,但采掘平台矽尘浓度整体较高。同年度的宏观政策和逐渐普及推广的新型防尘及降尘技术促进了非煤矿山安全生产水平的提高,对井下矽尘浓度和超标率的大幅下降起到积极作用。采掘平台是非煤矿山行业的主要尘源点,也是矽尘治理的重点和难点。
Objective To analyze the change trend of the concentration of underground silica dust in a non-coal mine of Jiangsu Province,provide a reference for the formulation of the relevant occupational safety protection policies for non-coal mine employees in Jiangsu Province in the future. Methods The silica dust data from underground operations in a non-coal mine in East China during1991-1999 and 2011-2019 were explored by the retrospective survey. Excel and SPSS 19.0 software were used in statistical analysis.Results Totally 10 627 underground silica dust monitoring points from 1991-1999 and 10 317 points from 2011-2019 were collected. The average annual underground silica dust concentration from 1991-1999 was higher than that from 2001-2019. The overall over-standard rate of underground silica dust concentration from 1991-1999 was higher than that from 2001-2019. The silica dust concentrations of mining and transportation platform from 1991-1999 were higher than those from 2001-2019,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). Before 1993,the average underground silica dust concentration was high and the over-standard rate of underground silica dust concentration was high. After 2013,the concentration and over-standard rate of underground silica dust declined significantly. After 2013,the over-standard rate of underground silica dust concentration increased year by year,and reached the peak in 2017(exceeding rate reached 45%). The silica dust concentrations of mining platform from 1991-1999 and 2001-2019 were higher than those of transportation platform,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). Conclusion The concentration of underground silica dust has a downward trend,but the concentration of silica dust on the mining platform is generally higher. In the same year,the macro-policy and the gradually popularized new dustproof and dust-reducing technologies promote the improvement of the safety production level of non-coal mines,and play a positive role in the substantial reduc
作者
周琅
徐佳南
薛如羽
叶萌
谢丽庄
朱宝立
张恒东
韩磊
ZHOU Lang;XU Jia-nan;XUE Ru-yu;YE Meng;XIE Li-zhuang;ZHU Bao-li;ZHANG Heng-dong;HAN Lei(Occupational Disease Prevention Center,Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing Jiangsu,210028,China;Policy Research Office,Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing Jiangsu,210028,China;School of Public Health,Nantong University,Nanjing Jiangsu,226000,China;Occupational Health and Poison Control Institute,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100050,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2021年第4期450-453,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(131031109000150003)
江苏省医学创新团队(CXTDA2017029)
江苏省卫生健康委医学科研重点项目(K2019026)。
关键词
非煤矿山
矽尘
采掘平台
Non-coal mine
Silicon dust
Mining platform
