摘要
研究以自行开发建立的超低排放高湿废气中总颗粒物(total particulate matter,TPM)的直接冷凝采样系统及监测方法,应用于3台北京市超低排放典型燃烧源烟气中颗粒物的排放监测.分析和评估超低排放典型燃烧源排气中颗粒物及其水溶性离子的排放水平与组成特征,探究可过滤颗粒物(filterable particulate matter,FPM)和可凝聚颗粒物(condensable particulate matter,CPM)及其水溶性离子的相互作用与影响因素.结果表明:北京市超低排放燃煤锅炉FPM基准氧含量排放浓度介于1.04~1.11 mg·m^(-3)之间,TPM基准氧含量排放浓度介于3.82~8.69 mg·m^(-3)之间,均满足国家超低排放颗粒物限值要求(10mg·m^(-3)),燃煤电厂TPM排放浓度超过了北京市颗粒物排放标准限值要求(5 mg·m^(-3)).燃煤供暖锅炉CPM及其总水溶性离子排放水平分别为3.05 mg·m^(-3)和1.30 mg·m^(-3),显著低于燃煤电厂,与燃煤电厂的负荷和烟温较高有关;燃煤电厂锅炉CPM及其总水溶性离子排放浓度分别是燃煤供暖锅炉的2.2~2.4倍和1.7~2.2倍.燃气电厂TPM及其总水溶性离子排放水平分别为1.99 mg·m^(-3)和1.44 mg·m^(-3),均明显低于燃煤锅炉.CPM是燃烧源排气中颗粒物的主要形式,在超低排放锅炉烟气中CPM对TPM的质量贡献显著增加,并随烟温的升高而增加,燃煤锅炉为72.6%~88.1%,燃气电厂为93.1%,且水溶性离子总量的66.1%~94.2%存在于CPM中.排气烟温显著影响颗粒物及其水溶性离子的赋存形态、脱除效率与排放水平.SO_(4)^(2-)是燃煤锅炉颗粒物的主要特征离子,排放浓度介于0.98~1.18 mg·m^(-3),占水溶性离子排放总量的27.7%~49.6%,来源于烟气脱硫;F-是燃煤电厂颗粒物中又一主要特征离子,排放浓度介于1.91~2.32 mg·m^(-3),占水溶性离子排放总量的54.4%~56.1%,可能与燃料煤含氟量高有关;NH_(4)^(+)是燃气电厂颗粒物的主要特征离子,排放浓度为0.92 mg·m^(-3),占水溶性离子排放总量的64.2
A self-developed direct condensation sampling system and monitoring method for total particulate matter (TPM) in ultra-lowemission and high-humidity exhaust gas were applied to the emission monitoring of particulate matter in flue gas from three typical combustion sources with ultra-low emissions in Beijing.The emission levels and composition characteristics of particulate matter and water-soluble ions in the exhaust gas of typical combustion sources with ultra-low emissions were analyzed and evaluated.The interaction and influencing factors of filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM) and their watersoluble ions were explored.The results showed that the emission concentration of FPM in the exhaust gas of the coal-fired boiler with ultra-low emissions was between 1.04 mg·m^(-3)and 1.11 mg·m^(-3)in standard smoke oxygen content,and that of TPM was between3.82 mg·m^(-3)and 8.69 mg·m^(-3),which all met the national ultra-low emission limit (10 mg·m^(-3)).However,the TPM emission concentration of the coal-fired power plant exceeded the emission limit of Beijing (5 mg·m^(-3)).The emission concentrations of CPM and its total water-soluble ions from the coal-fired heating boiler were 3.05 mg·m^(-3)and 1.30 mg·m^(-3),respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the coal-fired power plant,and were related to the higher load and flue gas temperature of the coal-fired power plant.Furthermore,the emission concentrations of CPM and its total water-soluble ions from the coal-fired power plant boiler were 2.2 to 2.4 times and 1.7 to 2.2 times greater than those of the coal-fired heating boiler,respectively.The emission concentrations of TPM and its total water-soluble ions from the gas power plant were 1.99 mg·m^(-3)and 1.44 mg·m^(-3),respectively,which were significantly lower than those from the coal-fired boiler.CPM was the main form of particulate matter in the exhaust gas of the combustion source.The contribution of CPM to TPM in the ultra-low-emission boiler flue g
作者
胡月琪
王铮
郭建辉
冯亚君
丁萌萌
颜旭
HU Yue-qi;WANG Zheng;GUO Jian-hui;FENG Ya-jun;DING Meng-meng;YAN Xu(Beijing Municipal Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Airborne Particulate Matter Monitoring Technology,Beijing 100048,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期2159-2168,共10页
Environmental Science
基金
环境保护公益性行业科研专项(20140914)
北京市地方标准制修订项目(20171035)
北京市环境保护监测中心科研项目(2013-015)
北京市科技计划项目(Z121100000312035)
北京市科技重大专项(D171100001517003)。
关键词
超低排放
燃烧源
可凝聚颗粒物(CPM)
水溶性离子
排放水平与特征
ultra-low emission
combustion source
condensable particulate matter(CPM)
water-soluble ion
emission concentration and characteristics
