摘要
食糖是人们生活的必需品,糖产业发展关系着国家食糖供给安全。提高甘蔗机械化生产效率,降低生产成本,能大大增强中国食糖产业在国际上的竞争力。但是目前国内食糖生产成本较高,远高于市场食糖进口价格,不利于中国食糖产业安全。广西作为全国最大的甘蔗主产区,机械化生产效率低下制约着糖产业发展。为了提高中国食糖产业国际竞争力,保证中国食糖产业安全,必须加快实现甘蔗产业全机械化发展。通过对比广西甘蔗机械化作业和一般习惯作业的生产成本及生产效率,发现全机械化作业能大幅度提高工作效率,降低生产成本,但是在机械化作业中还存在道路不平整、产业链不完善、机收效率低、配套服务体系不完善、农机价格高等问题。最后,从加快土地流转、推进"收获—搬运"一体化、加强机械研发力度、加快配套服务设施建设、强化补贴力度等方面提出了不断提高甘蔗机械化发展水平的建议,并对广西甘蔗生产机械化发展前景进行了展望。
Sugar is a necessity of people’s life.The development of sugar industry is related to the safety of national sugar supply.Improving the mechanization production efficiency of sugarcane and reducing production cost can greatly enhance the competitiveness of China’s sugar industry in the world.However,the high production cost of sugar in China is far higher than the import price of sugar in the market,which is not conducive to the safety of China’s sugar industry.As the largest sugarcane producing area in China,the development of sugar industry in Guangxi is restricted by low mechanization production efficiency.In order to improve the international competitiveness of China’s sugar industry and ensure the safety of China’s sugar industry,it is necessary to accelerate the mechanization development of sugarcane industry.By comparing the production cost and production efficiency of sugarcane mechanized operations and conventional operations in Guangxi,it was found that fully mechanical operations can greatly improve work efficiency and reduce production cost.However,in mechanized operations,there are still problems such as uneven roads,imperfect industrial chain,low efficiency of machine collection,imperfect supporting service system,and high prices of agricultural machinery.Finally,suggestions on continuously improving the development level of sugarcane mechanization were put forward from speeding up the land circulation,promoting harvest-transport integration,strengthening machinery research and development efforts,accelerating the construction of supporting service facilities,and strengthening subsidies and so on,and the prospects of sugarcane production mechanization development in Guangxi were forecasted.
作者
张琳
李全新
Zhang Lin;Li Quanxin(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,CAAS,Beijing 100081)
出处
《农业展望》
2021年第2期59-63,共5页
Agricultural Outlook
基金
中国农业科学院创新工程(G202022-6)。
关键词
甘蔗
生产机械化
糖业
生产成本
生产效率
产业链
sugarcane
production mechanization
sugar industry
production cost
production efficiency
industrial chain
