摘要
北极不仅是一个地缘概念,还由其环境与文化定义而成。北极民族的文化生态体现了对极地环境的高度适应性:一方面,北极民族对极地环境的依赖形成了其特殊的生计方式、经济策略、社会组织、文化风俗、宗教信仰和艺术表达;另一方面,北极环境并非一个静态的、封闭的、世界体系之外的系统,上万年的人类活动与社会文化对北极环境的整体性形成了重塑与再造。北极民族所秉承的"视角主义"宇宙观和灵性本体论体现了环境的人格化和社会/自然的一体化特征,并可以为重建人类世时代的北极现代性提供理论资源。
The concept of the Arctic is defined not only by geographical but also environmental and cultural elements.Arctic cultural ecology exhibits a high-degree of adaptation to the rigorous Arctic environment.On the one hand,human reliance on this environment has produced distinctive subsistence and economic strategies,social structures,cultural customs,belief systems,and artistic symbolism.On the other hand,the Arctic environment is not a static and closed system beyond the influence of wider regional and global economic and political relations,specifically as human activities and cultures have greatly shaped and rebuilt the Arctic environment over thousands of years.In particular,perspectivist and animist ontologies reveal a personalised environment in opposition to the nature-culture dichotomy and may provide theoretical resources for the reconstruction of Arctic modernity during the anthropocene era.
作者
曲枫
Qu Feng(Arctic Studies Center,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng,252000,China)
出处
《西北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期32-40,共9页
Journal of Northwest Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
2018年国家社会科学基金重点项目“爱斯基摩史前史与考古学研究”阶段性成果(项目编号:18AKG001)。
关键词
北极民族
民族志
文化生态
环境人类学
本体论转向
Arctic peoples
ethnography
cultural ecology
environmental anthropology
ontological turn
