摘要
目的从多健康维度探讨我国老年人潜在健康类型及其性别差异,为构建适宜不同性别老年人的健康管理措施提供参考依据。方法资料来自2014年中国老人健康长寿跟踪调查数据(CLHLS),以65岁及以上老年人为研究对象。首先,从生理、心理和社会三个健康维度,选取具有完整健康指标的2886人,采用潜在类别分析方法探索潜在健康类型。其次,筛选其中具有完整社会人口学和社会经济特征的2128人,运用logistic回归模型分析性别及社会人口和经济因素对潜在健康类型的影响作用。结果本研究识别出四个异质性的潜在健康类型:缺乏社交组(17.4%)、高共患病组(13.7%)、功能残障组(7.1%)、相对健康组(61.8%)。以相对健康组为参考,男性老年人出现缺乏社交和高共患病的可能性较女性低(OR=0.707、0.514)。对于男性,≥80岁和无配偶者较女性发生功能残障的概率更大;较高收入对缺乏社交组具有保护作用;参保新农合的较少发生缺乏社交和功能残障(OR=0.453、0.194)。在女性中,高龄、无配偶、东部地区、非独居、文化程度低和农村的老年人发生缺乏社交的风险更高;西部和参保新农合的出现高共患病和功能残障的可能性较低;独居和低收入老年人更有可能发生功能残障。结论本研究通过整合多维健康指标,发现我国老年人健康存在四个异质化的潜在类型,且显现性别差异,不同性别下受社会人口学和社会经济特征的影响也具有明显差异。
Objective Based on the multidimensional health,this study aimed to identify the latent health classes of older people in China,and assess the gender differences to provide evidences for health management policies targeting at older adults in different genders.Methods The data were from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2014.For 2886 participants aged 65 and above with complete health indicators in physical,psychological,and social dimensions,latent class analysis was used to identify latent health classes.For 2128 participants with complete socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics,logistic regression was performed to evaluate how gender,socio-demographic and socio-economic factors influence latent classes.Results Four heterogeneous latent health classes were identified in this study and labeled as:lacking socialization(17.4%),high comorbidity(13.7%),functional impairment(7.1%),and relative health(61.8%).Taking the relative health class as the reference,males were less likely to be in the lacking socialization and high comorbidity classes than females(OR=0.707,0.514).For males,those aged≥80 and not in marriage were more likely to be in functional impairment class than females;higher income had a protective effect on the lacking socialization class;those enrolling in new rural cooperative medical scheme were less likely to be in the lacking socialization and functional impairment classes(OR=0.453,0.194).Among females,the lacking socialization class tended to be older,not in marriage,living in eastern regions and rural areas,living with others and have lower education;those in western regions and enrolling in new rural cooperative medical scheme were less likely to be in the high comorbidities and functional impairment classes;older adults living alone and having low household income tended to be in the functional impairment class.Conclusion By integrating multidimensional health indicators,this study identified four heterogeneous latent health classes among older Chinese people,which sh
作者
张文倩
叶玲珑
罗杰诚
肖健
林建林
方亚
Zhang Wenqian;Ye Linglong;Luo Jiecheng(School of Public Health,Xiamen University 361102,Xiamen)
出处
《中国卫生统计》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期188-192,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Statistics
关键词
老年人
多维健康
异质性
性别差异
潜在类别分析
Older adults
Multidimensional health
Heterogeneity
Gender differences
Latent class analysis
