摘要
目的:分析2016—2017年中国12~17岁儿童青少年能量及宏量营养素摄入状况,为引导中国12~17岁儿童平衡膳食和合理营养提供科学依据。方法:数据来源于2016—2017年中国儿童与乳母营养健康监测数据,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,在全国31省抽取275个监测点开展营养健康监测。膳食调查采用连续3 d 24 h膳食回顾法收集食物摄入信息,采用食物秤称重记录家庭或学校食堂连续3 d食用油和调味品的摄入量,依据《中国食物成分表》计算能量和三大宏量营养素的摄入量。结果:2016—2017年中国12~17岁儿童青少年膳食能量、碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的平均每人日摄入量分别为1995.0 kcal、253.8 g、84.5 g、61.4 g。碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的供能比分别为50.6%、37.1%、12.3%。72.9%的儿童青少年脂肪供能比高于推荐值30%、48.0%的儿童青少年碳水化合物供能比低于推荐值50%、22.6%的儿童青少年蛋白质供能比低于推荐值10%。儿童青少年膳食脂肪来源于食用油、动物性食物和植物性食物的比例分别为43.9%、36.6%、19.6%。12~17岁儿童青少年平均每人日膳食能量、碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的摄入量均随年龄的增长而增加,男生高于女生,能量、蛋白质和脂肪摄入量存在城乡差异,城市高于农村(P<0.01)。城市儿童青少年蛋白质供能比达到中国居民膳食宏量营养素可接受范围(AMDR)的比例高于农村(P<0.01)。结论:中国12~17岁儿童青少年每人日膳食能量基本满足,三大宏量营养素供能比不合理。能量、蛋白质和脂肪摄入量存在城乡差异,农村儿童脂肪供能比增幅过快亟待关注。
Objective To analyze the status of energy and macronutrients intake among the children of 12~17 years old in China from 2016 to 2017,and to provide scientific basis for guiding Chinese children aged 12~17 to have a balanced diet and reasonable nutrition.Method Multistage stratified random sampling method was used to collect data in 275 monitoring sites of the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Chinese Children and Lactating Mothers in 31 provinces of China from 2016 to 2017.Three consecutive 24-hour recalls method was used to collect the information of food intake,and household or school canteen edible oil and condiments weighing were adopted.The dietary energy and three macronutrients were analyzed based on the China Food Composition Table.Result The average daily intakes of dietary energy,carbohydrate,fat and protein among the children of 12~17 years old in China from 2016 to 2017 were 1995.0 kcal,253.8 g,84.5 g and 61.4 g,respectively.The proportion of energy supply of carbohydrate,fat and protein were 50.6%,37.1%and 12.3%,respectively.72.9%of the children for the proportion of energy supply of fat was over 30%of the recommended value,48.0%of the children for the proportion of energy supply of carbohydrate was less than 50%of the recommended value,22.6%of the children for the proportion of energy supply of protein was less than 10%of the recommended value.The proportion of fat from edible oil,animal food and plant food were 43.9%,36.6%and 19.6%,respectively.The average daily intakes of energy,carbohydrate,fat and protein increased with age among the children of 12~17 years old,that of boys were higher than girls.There were differences between urban and rural areas of the average daily intakes of energy,fat and protein,the childrens in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas(P<0.01).The proportion of energy supply of protein and that of reaching AMDR,the childrens in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas(P<0.01).Conclusion The average daily dietary of energy intake was bas
作者
琚腊红
赵丽云
房红芸
朴玮
郭齐雅
许晓丽
李淑娟
成雪
蔡姝雅
于冬梅
JU La-hong;ZHAO Li-yun;FANG Hong-yun;PIAO Wei;GUO Qi-ya;XU Xiao-li;LI Shu-juan;CHENG Xue;CAI Shu-ya;YU Dong-mei(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《中国食物与营养》
2021年第4期20-25,共6页
Food and Nutrition in China
基金
国家重大公共卫生服务项目“中国儿童与乳母营养健康监测(2016-2017年)”。
关键词
营养与健康监测
能量
宏量营养素
儿童
nutrition and health surveillance
energy
macronutrients
child
