摘要
为了解干旱对不同类型小麦籽粒灌浆期糖类、淀粉、蛋白质和微量元素的动态规律,明确干旱对营养物质在高产小麦、优质小麦和节水小麦灌浆过程中的差异,以黄淮北片麦区的小麦品种冀麦325、冀麦418、冀麦323为试验材料。选取同一天抽穗、开花的植株进行标记,于花后7~31 d每6 d取各品种籽粒样本,研究了灌浆期间干旱对籽粒中可溶性总糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、蛋白质、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu含量、直链和支链淀粉积累量、淀粉积累速率及淀粉合成关键酶活性的影响。结果表明,在灌浆过程中,干旱胁迫显著降低了小麦籽粒蔗糖和葡萄糖的含量,对果糖含量的影响相对较小,高产品种冀麦325的蔗糖和果糖受干旱影响较小。干旱胁迫降低了小麦籽粒支链淀粉和总淀粉含量,对直链淀粉含量的影响相对较小。干旱胁迫对高产品种和优质品种淀粉含量的影响明显大于耐旱品种冀麦418。干旱胁迫在灌浆初期和中期提高了淀粉合成酶的活性,中后期活性较灌溉对照迅速下降。随籽粒灌浆的进行,4种微量矿质元素的含量呈下降趋势,在小麦籽粒中的表现为Mg>Fe>Zn>Mn。冀麦325籽粒的Fe、Zn和Mg积累量较高。研究干旱条件下不同类型小麦籽粒灌浆过程中营养物质积累差异,为优化栽培措施,实现专用小麦优质、高产、节水提供理论数据和参考依据。
In order to understand the dynamic rules of sugars,starch,protein and trace elements of different types of wheat during grain filling stage under drought stress,and to identify the difference of nutriment between drought and irrigation in the process of grain-filling by high-yield wheat,high-quality wheat and water-saving wheat,the wheat varieties of Jimai 325,Jimai 418 and Jimai 323 in the North of Huang-Huai Region were used as experimental materials.The plants heading and flowering on the same day were selected for marking,and the grains of each variety were taken every 6 days after 7-31 days after anthesis.The effects of drought during grain filling on the contents of total soluble sugar,sucrose,glucose,fructose,protein,Fe,Zn,Mn,Cu,amylose and amylopectin accumulation,starch accumulation rate and the activities of key enzymes in starch synthesis were studied.The results showed that the content of sucrose and glucose in wheat grains was significantly decreased under drought stress,and the effect on fructose content was relatively small,and the sucrose and fructose of high-yielding variety Jimai 325 were less affected by drought in the filling process.Drought stress decreased the content of amylopectin and total starch in wheat grains,but had relatively little effect on the content of amylose.The effect of drought stress on starch content of high-yield and high-quality varieties was significantly greater than that of drought-tolerant variety Jimai 418.The activity of starch synthase was increased in the early and middle stages of filling stage under drought stress,and decreased rapidly in the middle and late stages compared with irrigation control.The content and accumulation of four mineral elements in wheat grains were Mg>Fe>Zn>Mn.With the progress of grain filling,the content of trace elements showed a downward trend.The accumulation of Fe,Zn and Mg in grains of Jimai 325 was higher.The difference of nutrient accumulation in grain filling process of different types of wheat under drought conditions were stud
作者
吕亮杰
刘少兴
陈希勇
赵爱菊
孙丽静
李辉
LüLiangjie;LIU Shaoxing;CHEN Xiyong;ZHAO Aiju;SUN Lijing;LI Hui(Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Crop Genetics and Breeding Laboratory of Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050035,China)
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期89-98,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
河北省农林科学院科学技术研究与发展计划项目(2018060303)
河北农林科学院农业科技创新工程项目(4-01A-02)
河北省现代农业产业技术体系小麦产业创新团队项目(HBCT2018010201)
河北省现代农业科技创新工程项目(494-0402-YBN-RDC4)
河北省现代种业专项(19226377D)。
关键词
小麦
灌浆期
微量元素
糖含量
淀粉积累
合成酶
蛋白质含量
Wheat
Filling stage
Microelement
Sugar content
Starch accumulation
Synthesis enzyme
Protein content
