摘要
为了解不同控释肥料一次性侧深基施对寒地粳稻产量形成和氮素养分吸收利用特征的影响,以绥粳18为供试粳稻品种,探讨46%普通掺混复合肥(CG)、48%日本氮控释掺混肥(T1)、52%国产氮控释掺混肥(T2)、52%树脂包膜控释肥(T3)、48%(8%尿素控释)掺混肥(T4)对粳稻产量及其构成因子、分蘖动态、干物质积累、源库特性和氮素吸收利用率的影响。结果表明:T1、T2、T3施肥处理产量均与CG处理呈显著差异,T1处理产量较CG处理高14.34%,T3处理较CG增产11.26%。各处理分蘖成穗率较CG处理增加6.7%~17.9%。干物质积累量在拔节期至孕穗期较其它生育期积累多。T1、T2、T3处理库容量与CG和T4处理呈显著差异。各处理百千克籽粒吸氮量较CG处理增加1.88%~13.75%,CG处理氮素干物质生产效率与T1处理呈显著差异。T1、T3处理氮素农学利用率、氮素吸收利用率、氮素偏生产力显著高于CG处理,表明T1、T3控释特征在寒地粳稻免追侧深施肥下是可行的。产量与收获指数、结实率呈极显著正相关关系,与拔节期氮素积累量和抽穗期氮素积累量呈显著正相关。T1、T3肥料养分释放特征满足粳稻养分吸收特征,是减氮高产的保证。
In order to explore the effect of different controlled release fertilizer release characteristics on yield formation and nutrient uptake and utilization characteristics of japonica rice,using Suijing 18 as test cultivars,46%bulk-blended fertilizers(CG),48%Japan nitrogen controlled release fertilizer(T1),52%domestic nitrogen controlled release blended fertilizer(T2),52%resin coated controlled release fertilizer(T3),48%(8%urea controlled release)bulk-blended fertilizer(T4)were employed to evaluate their effect on the yield and component factors,tiller dynamics,dry matter accumulation,source-sink characteristics and nitrogen uptake and utilization of japonica rice.The results showed that:the yields of T1,T2 and T3 treatments were significantly different from that of CG treatment.T1,T3 treatment yield increased 14.43%and 11.3%over CG treatment respectively.The percentage of ear beaning tillers in each treatment increased by 6.7%~17.9%compared with CG treatment.The accumulation of dry matter accumulated more from jointing stage to booting stage than other growth stages.The sink capacity of T1,T2 and T3 was significantly different from CG and T4,the nitrogen uptake of 100 kg grain in each treatment increased by 1.88%~13.75%compared with CG treatment,production efficiency of N dry matter in CG treatment was significantly different from T1 treatment.T1 and T3 treatments were higher in nitrogen agronomic utilization rate,nitrogen absorption and utilization rate,and nitrogen partial productivity than those in CG treatment.It is feasible that T1 and T3 controlled release fertilizer can be applied by no topdressing and side deep fertilization of japonica rice in cold region.It showed that the yield was significantly positively correlated with harvest index and seed setting rate,and significantly positively correlated with nitrogen accumulation at jointing stage and nitrogen accumulation at heading stage.T1 and T3 nutrient release characteristics of fertilizers meet the nutrient absorption characteristics of japonica rice,whi
作者
张迪
吕思琪
徐文越
梁世鹏
姜佰文
ZHANG Di;LV Si-qi;XU Wen-yue;LIANG Shi-peng;JANG Bai-wen(School of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150030)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期213-220,共8页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300500)。
关键词
粳稻
一次性基施
侧深施
氮素利用
控释肥
产量形成
japonica rice
one-time basal application
side deep application
nitrogen utilization
controlled release fertilizer
yield formation
