摘要
从世界银行企业投资调查数据中可以发现,中国出口企业内部的工资差距高于非出口企业。由于处在生产技术结构与所在地区比较优势更为接近的行业中的企业,在没有保护和补贴的情况下具有自生能力,能够获得较高的剩余,所以这类企业在开放竞争的条件下资本积累速度更快,在资本技术互补的假设下,增加了对更高技能劳动力的需求。出口对企业内高级管理者与中层管理者及普通员工的工资收入差距具有正向影响,当产业的资本劳动比与整个制造业的资本劳动比越接近时,出口对企业内收入差距的影响越大。
It can be found from the enterprise investment survey of World Bank that the wage gap within Chinese exports enterprises is higher than that of non-export enterprises,which can explain the positive correlation between exports and the income gap within enterprises from the perspectives of endowment structure and complementarity of capital and technology. Because the production technology structure of enterprises in industries is closer to the comparative advantage of the region,these enterprises with viability can obtain a higher surplus without protection and subsidies. Therefore,the enterprises at comparative advantages will accumulate capital faster in the context of open competition. Under the assumption of complementarity of capital and technology,the demand for more skilled labor is increased. Exports have a positive impact on the wage gap among senior managers,middle managers,and ordinary employees in enterprises. When the capital-labor ratio of the industry is closer to that of the entire manufacturing industry,the impact of exports on the income gap within the enterprise is greater. Enterprises with similar endowment structures choose to export due to faster capital accumulation,which will have an effect on the wage gap of employees at different technical levels under the assumption of complementary capital and technology.
作者
汤学敏
TANG Xue-min(Institute of New Structural Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《税务与经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期54-61,共8页
Taxation and Economy
基金
博士后面上基金项目“贸易结构与收入差距——新结构经济学视角”(项目编号:180348)
国家社会科学基金青年项目“面向高质量发展的人工智能与制造业良性互动研究”(项目编号:19CJL034)
国家社会科学基金重点项目“新形势下我国制造业转型升级路径与对策研究”(项目编号:20AJL017)。
关键词
出口
工资差距
资本技术互补
新结构经济学
export
wage gap
complementarity of capital and technology
new structural economics
