摘要
“中文屋”思想实验在理论上表明符号操作过程不会产生任何对意义的理解,人工智能根本不存在心灵。思想实验具有自洽性和想象性,它建立在直觉的类比上,而不是现实的物理因果关系。因此,从实践理性角度,可以对判断人工智能的“心灵”提供信任度评分方案和生命形式方案。信任度评分在0到1之间给人工智能的“心灵”进行信任打分,以解决理论上的极端立场所潜在的风险。生命形式方案尝试把人工智能纳入社会交往范畴,试图消除人造生命与有机体生命之间的二分对立。人工智能具有功能性的心灵,断言它不存在心灵是指人工智能不具有心灵的现象特征。心灵的功能属性和现象属性的相互区分决定了人工智能不可能跨越主观性的鸿沟。
The thought experiment of"Chinese house"shows theoretically that the process of symbol operation will not produce any understanding of meaning,and there is no soul in artificial intelligence.Thought experiment is self-consistent and imaginative,which is based on intuitive analogy rather than physical causality.Therefore,from the perspective of practical rationality,we can provide trust rating scheme and life form scheme for judging the"soul"of artificial intelligence.The trust scores between 0 and 1,and the"soul"of artificial intelligence is given a trust score to solve the potential risk of extreme position in theory.The life form project attempts to bring artificial intelligence into the category of social interaction,and tries to eliminate the dichotomy between artificial life and organic life.Artificial intelligence has a functional mind.To assert that it does not exist mind means that artificial intelligence does not have the characteristics of mind.The distinction between the functional attribute and the phenomenal attribute of the mind determines that artificial intelligence cannot go cross the gap of subjectivity.
作者
柳海涛
Liu Haitao(School of History and Culture of Science,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《学术交流》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期23-31,191,共10页
Academic Exchange
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“当代心灵哲学视阈下的人工智能研究”(18BZX036)。
关键词
人工智能
中文屋论证
思想实验
心灵
artificial intelligence
demonstration of Chinese house
thought experiment
soul
