摘要
建立自然保护地是推进生态文明建设和支撑经济社会发展的生态安全底线,是实现可持续发展和维护国土生态安全的重要举措。为了揭示自然保护地的宏观空间过程及其影响因素,本研究以贵州省为例,采用最邻近点指数、核密度分析、标准差椭圆等方法,对2002—2017年全省自然保护地的时空分布特征进行分析,并结合地理探测器分析其影响因素。结果表明:研究期间,贵州省自然保护地的数量、面积、类别呈现出多元化的快速发展状态,形成了以自然保护区、森林公园、风景名胜区为主体,以湿地公园、地质公园、自然遗产地为补充的自然保护地体系。自然保护地空间凝聚的态势不断加强,空间分布的范围不断扩大,空间移动的速度不断下降,形成了以东北-西南方向为主导且逐渐稳定的空间格局。自然保护地凝聚过程受地形和植被分布的影响较大;自然保护地趋向于在河流、山脉周围的地势平缓处和植被集中连片处聚集。自然保护地空间分异受多种影响因素的共同作用,不同影响因素对自然保护地空间分异的解释力存在一定的差异。其中,归一化植被指数、森林面积和公路里程是影响自然保护地数量、面积空间分异的共同主要因素;不同影响因素交互后的解释力明显加强,表现为非线性增强或双因子增强。
The establishment of protected areas is the bottom line of ecological security for promoting the construction of ecological civilization and supporting economic and social development, which is an important strategy to realize sustainable development and maintain ecological security. In order to reveal the large spatial process of protected areas and its influencing factors, we used the methods of nearest neighbor index, kernel density, and standard deviational ellipse to analyze the temporal-spatial variation characteristics of the protected areas in Guizhou Province from 2002 to 2017, as well as the influencing factors combined with geo-detectors. The results showed that, during the study period, the number, area, and types of protected areas in Guizhou Province showed a diversified and rapid development, forming a protected area system with nature reserves, forest parks and scenic spots as the main body and wetland parks, geoparks and natural heritage sites as the supplement. The spatial cohesion of protected areas was strengthened, the scope of spatial distribution was expanding, and the speed of spatial movement was declining, forming a spatial pattern dominated by the northeast-southwest direction and gradually stable. The coalescence process in protected areas was strongly influenced by topography and vegetation distribution. The protected areas tended to cluster in gentle terrain around rivers and mountains and in areas of concentrated vegetation. The spatial differentiation of protected areas was jointly affected by multiple factors at different levels. The explanatory power of different factors to the spatial differentiation of protected areas was different. Among them, the normalized difference vegetation index, areas of forest and highway mileage were the common main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of the number and area of protected areas, and the explanatory power of different factors was significantly consolidated after interaction, characterized as nonlinear or bi-factor enhancement.
作者
樊涵
杨朝辉
王丞
毕兴
张明明
FAN Han;YANG Zhao-hui;WANG Cheng;BI Xing;ZHANG Ming-ming(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Research Center for Biodiversity and Nature Conservation,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Mayanghe National Nature Reserve Administration,Yanhe 565300,Guizhou,China;Forestry Bureau of Xingyi,Xingyi 562400,Guizhou,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期1005-1014,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2842号)
贵州大学培育项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5781-39号)资助。
关键词
自然保护地
时空动态
地理探测器
贵州省
protected area
temporal-spatial dynamics
geo-detector
Guizhou Province
