摘要
我国已形成类型多样、功能较齐全的自然保护地体系,在保护重要自然生态系统和生物多样性中发挥了重要作用。但长期以来,我国保护地基本上实行的是"抢救式保护"策略,注重保护地数量和面积的扩张,忽视管理质量和能力的提升。保护地的建设与管理,已跟不上新时代加快推进生态文明建设的步伐。党的十九大报告提出要建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系,对推动我国自然保护地体系改革提出了迫切需求。本研究在分析当前我国自然保护地体系面临的缺乏顶层设计、法律体系不健全、多方参与不足、资金短缺、土地权属不清、保护与发展矛盾突出、管理能力薄弱等一系列问题的基础上,提出了推动自然保护地体系的顶层设计、系统规划和立法安排,完善保护地产权制度,建立保护地治理体系,实现多元共治,拓展保护地空间治理范围,促进保护地与周边区域协调发展,建立保护地生态产品价值实现机制等建议。
China has formed a natural protected areas system with various types and functions,which has played an important role in protecting important natural ecosystems and biodiversity.However,for a long time,China basically implemented a "rescue"conservation strategy,focused on protected area expansion,and ignored the improvement of management quality and ability.The construction and management of protected area cannot keep China's pace of promoting ecological civilization construction.The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to establish a natural protected areas system with national parks as the main backbone, which poses urgent demands on promoting the revolution of the natural protected areas system in China.Firstly,this study deeply analyzed a series of outstanding problems facing China's natural protected areas system,which included the lack of top-level design and system planning, weak legal system,insufficient multi-participation,shortage of funds,unclear land ownership,fierce conflict between conservation and development,weak management capacity,etc.On this basis,the study proposes to promote a systematic reform of China's natural protected areas system.First,promote the top-level design,system planning,and legislative arrangements on the natural protected areas system.Second,improve the property right system of protected areas.Third,build governance system and promote multi-governing of protected areas.Then, expand the scope of space governance of protected areas,and facilitate coordinated development between protected areas and surrounding areas.Finally,establish a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products in and around protected areas.
作者
黄宝荣
马永欢
黄凯
苏利阳
张丛林
程多威
王毅
HUANG Baorong;MAYonghuan;HUANG Kai;SU Liyang;ZHANG Conglin;CHENG Duowei;WANG Yi(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Information Center of Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China,Beijing 100812,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Public Policy and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《中国科学院院刊》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期1342-1351,共10页
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA20020303)
中国科学院科技智库战略先导重大项目(Y7X0561601)
中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-010-03)
关键词
国家公园
自然保护地
治理体系
改革
national park
natural protected areas
governance system
reform
